Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISP), Via Torino, 155, 30172, Venice Mestre (VE), Italy; Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172, Venice Mestre (VE), Italy.
Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISP), Via Torino, 155, 30172, Venice Mestre (VE), Italy; Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172, Venice Mestre (VE), Italy.
Chemosphere. 2024 Jun;357:142073. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142073. Epub 2024 Apr 17.
Open biomass burning (BB) events are a well-known primary aerosol source, resulting in the emission of significant amount of gaseous and particulate matter and affecting Earth's radiation budget. The 2019-2020 summer, known as "Australian Black Summer", showed exceptional duration and intensity of seasonal wildfires, triggered by high temperatures and severe droughts. Since increasing megafires are predicted due to expected climate changes, it is critical to study the impact of BB aerosol on a large scale and evaluate related transport processes. In this study, five aerosol samples (total suspended particles with a diameter >1 μm) were collected during the XXXV Italian Expedition in Antarctica on board of the R/V Laura Bassi from 6th of January to February 16, 2020, along the sailing route from Lyttelton harbor (New Zealand) to Terra Nova Bay (Antarctica). Levoglucosan and its isomers have been analyzed as markers of BB, together with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), sucrose and alcohol sugars. Ionic species and carboxylic acids have been analyzed to support the identification of aerosol sources and its aging. Results showed high levoglucosan concentrations (325-1266 pg m) during the campaign, suggesting the widespread presence of smoke in the region, because of huge wildfire releases. Backward trajectories indicated the presence of long-range atmospheric transport from South America, probably carrying wildfires plume, in agreement with literature. Regional sources have been suggested for PAHs, particularly for 3-4 rings' compounds; monosaccharides, sucrose, arabitol, and mannitol were related to marine and biogenic contributions. In a warming climate scenario, more frequent and extensive wildfire episodes are expected in Australia, potentially altering albedo, aerosol radiative properties, and cloud interactions. Therefore, it is crucial to strengthens the investigations on the regional climatic effects of these events in Antarctica.
开放性生物质燃烧（BB）事件是一种众所周知的主要气溶胶源，会导致大量气态和颗粒物质的排放，并影响地球的辐射平衡。2019-2020 年夏季，被称为“澳大利亚黑色夏季”，由于高温和严重干旱，季节性野火的持续时间和强度异常，创历史新高。由于预计气候变化会导致越来越多的特大火灾，因此大规模研究 BB 气溶胶的影响并评估相关传输过程至关重要。在这项研究中，五组气溶胶样本（直径>1μm 的总悬浮颗粒物）于 2020 年 1 月 6 日至 2 月 16 日在意大利 XXXV 次南极考察期间，由 Laura Bassi 号科学考察船从利特尔顿港（新西兰）航行至新诺瓦湾（南极洲）的航程中采集。已分析了左旋葡聚糖及其异构体作为 BB 的标志物，以及多环芳烃（PAHs）、蔗糖和醇糖。分析了离子物质和羧酸，以支持气溶胶来源及其老化的识别。结果表明，在整个考察期间，左旋葡聚糖浓度很高（325-1266pgm），表明该地区存在大量烟雾，这是由于大规模野火的释放。后向轨迹表明，存在来自南美洲的长距离大气输送，可能携带野火羽流，这与文献一致。已经提出了 PAHs 的区域来源，特别是对于 3-4 环化合物；单糖、蔗糖、阿糖醇和甘露醇与海洋和生物贡献有关。在气候变暖的情景下，澳大利亚预计会出现更频繁和更广泛的野火事件，这可能会改变反照率、气溶胶辐射特性和云相互作用。因此，加强对这些事件在南极洲的区域气候影响的研究至关重要。
