Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2024 Apr 19;24(1):489. doi: 10.1186/s12913-024-10938-9.
To understand the awareness and practice of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) or nephropathy screening among community-based patients with type 2 diabetes in six provinces and cities in China, and to analyse the related factors affecting screening practices.
From December 2021 to March 2022, a cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire in 6230 patients with type 2 diabetes aged 18 years and older. The content of the questionnaire includes three parts: the general situation of diabetic patients (gender, age, ethnicity, marriage, education, occupation, etc.), DKD screening practices, and the evaluation of DKD screening services.
89.70% of the patients had their fasting blood glucose measured every six months, 21.12% of the patients had their glycosylated hemoglobin measured every six months, and only 13.11% and 9.34% of the patients had a urine protein-creatinine ratio test and estimated glomerular filtration rate test every 12 months. The proportions of glycosylated hemoglobin, urine protein-creatinine ratio, and estimated glomerular filtration rate were relatively high in young, northern, highly educated, and long-duration type 2 diabetic patients.
The results of this survey found that the proportion of urine protein-creatinine ratio testing, estimated glomerular filtration rate testing, and glycosylated hemoglobin testing in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes was very low. Patients with type 2 diabetes in rural areas, southern areas, with low education level, and short course of disease have lower detection rates for DKD, and hence lower rates of prevention and treatment.
了解中国 6 省市社区 2 型糖尿病患者对糖尿病肾病（DKD）或肾病筛查的知晓和实践情况，并分析影响筛查实践的相关因素。
2021 年 12 月至 2022 年 3 月，采用横断面问卷调查的方法，对 6230 例 18 岁及以上的 2 型糖尿病患者进行调查。问卷内容包括患者一般情况（性别、年龄、民族、婚姻、文化程度、职业等）、DKD 筛查情况和 DKD 筛查服务评价三部分。
89.70%的患者每 6 个月测 1 次空腹血糖，21.12%的患者每 6 个月测 1 次糖化血红蛋白，每 12 个月测 1 次尿蛋白肌酐比值和估算肾小球滤过率的患者比例仅为 13.11%和 9.34%。年轻、北方、文化程度高、病程长的 2 型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白、尿蛋白肌酐比值、估算肾小球滤过率的检测比例相对较高。
本调查结果发现，中国 2 型糖尿病患者尿蛋白肌酐比值检测、估算肾小球滤过率检测和糖化血红蛋白检测的比例非常低。农村、南方、文化程度低、病程短的 2 型糖尿病患者 DKD 检出率较低，防治率较低。
