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国家级以下水平的统计生命价值:评估公共卫生和环境问题的工具。

Value per Statistical Life at the Sub-National Level as a Tool for Assessing Public Health and Environmental Problems.

机构信息

Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico.

Lehman College - City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.

出版信息

Inquiry. 2024 Jan-Dec;61:469580241246476. doi: 10.1177/00469580241246476.

Abstract

This article aims to estimate the Value per Statistical Life (VSL) and Value per Statistical Life Year (VSLY) at the sub-national level, which can be used to calculate the economic impact of health and environmental problems. We estimate the value of life for Mexico and its 32 states, grouped into 5 regions for 2021. We used the OECD's guidelines on "Mortality Risk Valuation in Environment, Health and Transport Policies," which applies the measure of Willingness to Pay (WTP) and Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA). Mexico's overall VSL of $2 000 000 USD in 2021 showcases the value placed on human life. The variation in VSL across the 32 states, with Chiapas having the lowest VSL of $400 000 USD and Mexico City boasting the highest VSL of $3 300 000 USD highlights the different levels of regional development and people's willingness to pay to reduce the risk of mortality. Our estimates of VSL and VSLY have the potential to contribute to the evaluation of public policies in the fields of health and the environment. Monetizing human life through these estimates can offer valuable insights to policymakers at both the national and sub-national levels. By quantifying the economic value placed on human life, this paper helps decision-makers prioritize investments, assess the cost-effectiveness of interventions, and allocate resources to maximize societal well-being.

摘要

本文旨在估算省级层面的每统计生命价值(VSL)和每统计生命年价值(VSLY),以便用于计算健康和环境问题的经济影响。我们对墨西哥及其 32 个州进行了生命价值评估,根据地理位置将其分为 5 个地区,并采用了 OECD 关于“环境、健康和交通政策中的死亡率估值”的指导方针,该方针应用了支付意愿(WTP)和成本效益分析(CBA)的方法。2021 年,墨西哥的总体 VSL 为 200 万美元,这体现了人们对生命价值的重视。32 个州之间的 VSL 存在差异,恰帕斯州的 VSL 最低,为 40 万美元,墨西哥城的 VSL 最高,为 330 万美元,这突显了不同地区的发展水平和人们降低死亡率风险的支付意愿。我们对 VSL 和 VSLY 的估算有可能为健康和环境领域的公共政策评估做出贡献。通过这些估算来货币化生命,可以为国家和省级决策者提供有价值的见解。通过量化人们对生命的经济价值,本文有助于决策者确定投资优先级、评估干预措施的成本效益,并分配资源以实现社会效益最大化。

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