Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Semin Ophthalmol. 2024 Aug;39(6):440-450. doi: 10.1080/08820538.2024.2342266. Epub 2024 Apr 20.
Diabetic eye disease is a highly prevalent and sight-threatening disorder. It is a disease of neuro-vascular unit of the retina, if left untreated can cause blindness. Therapeutic approaches followed for its treatment can only restrict the progression of the disease with highly variable results. There is no known biomarker for an early diagonsis of this disease, therefore by the time it is detected it goes beyond repair. This creates a massive demand for development of such biomarkers that help detect disease in its earlier stages.
PUBMED (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) was searched for articles relevant to the topic published till November 2023. The search was made using keywords such as Diabetic Retinopathy, inflammation, tear, biomarker, proteomics etc. The studies providing relevant information to prove the importance of biomarker discovery were chosen. After compiling the data, the manuscript writing was planned under relevant headings and sub-headings.
The review provides a comprehensive overview of all the tear protein biomarker studies in the field of DR and DME. Briefly, their potential in other diseases is also elucidated. While there are many studies pertaining to DR biomarkers, the identified markers lack validations which has restricted their usage in clinics. In case of DME, there was no such study towards biomarker discovery for its diagnosis and prognosis.
The review highlights major studies and their lacunae in the field of biomarkers discovery for DR and DME.
糖尿病眼病是一种高发且可致盲的眼部疾病。它是视网膜的神经血管单元疾病，如果不及时治疗，可能会导致失明。目前针对其治疗的方法只能减缓疾病的进展，但效果差异很大。目前还没有已知的生物标志物可以早期诊断这种疾病，因此当它被检测到时，已经超出了可修复的范围。这就需要开发出大量的生物标志物来帮助早期发现疾病。
在 PubMed（https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/）上搜索了截至 2023 年 11 月发表的与该主题相关的文章。使用了糖尿病视网膜病变、炎症、眼泪、生物标志物、蛋白质组学等关键词进行搜索。选择了提供相关信息以证明生物标志物发现重要性的研究。在收集完数据后，根据相关标题和副标题来规划文章的写作。
综述全面概述了 DR 和 DME 领域中所有与眼泪蛋白生物标志物相关的研究。简要说明了它们在其他疾病中的潜在应用。虽然有许多关于 DR 生物标志物的研究，但所识别的标志物缺乏验证，这限制了它们在临床上的应用。对于 DME，还没有针对其诊断和预后的生物标志物发现的研究。
该综述突出了 DR 和 DME 领域中生物标志物发现的主要研究及其不足之处。
