Csősz Éva, Deák Eszter, Kalló Gergő, Csutak Adrienne, Tőzsér József
Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary.
Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary.
J Proteomics. 2017 Jan 6;150:351-358. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.06.034. Epub 2016 Jul 1.
Diabetic retinopathy is the most common diabetic eye disease and a leading cause of blindness among patients with diabetes. The appearance and the severity of the symptoms correlate with the duration of diabetes and poor blood glucose level management. Diabetic retinopathy is also categorized as a chronic low-level inflammatory disease; the high blood glucose level promotes the accumulation of the advanced glycation end products and leads to the stimulation of monocytes and macrophages. Examination of protein level alterations in tears using state-of the art proteomics techniques have identified several proteins as possible biomarkers for the different stages of the diabetic retinopathy. Some of the differentially expressed tear proteins have a role in the barrier function of tears linking the diabetic retinopathy with another eye complication of diabetes, namely the diabetic keratopathy resulting in impaired wound healing. Understanding the molecular events leading to the eye complications caused by hyperglycemia may help the identification of novel biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets in order to improve quality of life of diabetic patients.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the leading cause of blindness among diabetic patients can develop without any serious symptoms therefore the early detection is crucial. Because of the increasing prevalence there is a high need for improved screening methods able to diagnose DR as soon as possible. The non-invasive collection and the relatively high protein concentration make the tear fluid a good source for biomarker discovery helping the early diagnosis. In this work we have reviewed the administration of advanced proteomics techniques used in tear biomarker studies and the identified biomarkers with potential to improve the already existing screening methods for DR detection.
糖尿病视网膜病变是最常见的糖尿病眼部疾病，也是糖尿病患者失明的主要原因。症状的出现和严重程度与糖尿病病程及血糖水平控制不佳相关。糖尿病视网膜病变也被归类为一种慢性低度炎症性疾病；高血糖水平促进晚期糖基化终产物的积累，并导致单核细胞和巨噬细胞的激活。使用先进的蛋白质组学技术检测泪液中蛋白质水平的变化，已鉴定出几种蛋白质可能作为糖尿病视网膜病变不同阶段的生物标志物。一些差异表达的泪液蛋白质在泪液的屏障功能中起作用，将糖尿病视网膜病变与糖尿病的另一种眼部并发症即糖尿病角膜病变联系起来，后者会导致伤口愈合受损。了解导致高血糖引起眼部并发症的分子事件，可能有助于识别新的生物标志物以及治疗靶点，从而改善糖尿病患者的生活质量。
糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是糖尿病患者失明的主要原因，可在无任何严重症状的情况下发生，因此早期检测至关重要。由于患病率不断上升，迫切需要改进筛查方法，以便尽快诊断DR。泪液的非侵入性采集和相对较高的蛋白质浓度使其成为发现生物标志物的良好来源，有助于早期诊断。在这项工作中，我们回顾了泪液生物标志物研究中使用的先进蛋白质组学技术的应用，以及已鉴定出的具有改善现有DR检测筛查方法潜力的生物标志物。
