University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic.
University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Jun 5;471:134338. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134338. Epub 2024 Apr 17.
The occurrence, environmental risks and contribution of organic UV filters to detected (anti-)progestogenic activities were examined in samples of wastewater treatment plant influents and effluents, various surface waters and fish from the Czech Republic. Of the 20 targeted UV filters, 15 were detected in the WWTP influent samples, 11 in the effluents, and 13 in the surface water samples. Benzophenone-3, benzophenone-4, and phenyl benzimidazole sulfonic acid (PBSA) were found in all water samples. Octocrylene, UV-327 and 4-methylbenzylidene camphor exceeded the risk quotient of 1 at some sites. In the anti-progestogenic CALUX assay, 10 out of the 20 targeted UV filters were active. Anti-progestogenic activities reaching up to 7.7 ng/L, 3.8 ng/L, and 4.5 ng/L mifepristone equivalents were detected in influents, effluents, and surface waters, respectively. UV filters were responsible for up to 37 % of anti-progestogenic activities in influents. Anti-progestogenic activities were also measured in fish tissues from the control pond and Podroužek (pond with the highest number of detected UV filters) and ranged from 2.2 to 9.5 and 1.9 to 8.6 ng/g dw mifepristone equivalents, respectively. However, only benzophenone was found in fish, but it does not display anti-progestogenic activity and thus could not explain the observed activities.
本研究考察了捷克共和国污水处理厂进水、出水、各种地表水和鱼类样本中有机紫外线滤光剂的存在情况、环境风险及其对检测到的（抗）孕激素活性的贡献。在所研究的 20 种目标紫外线滤光剂中，15 种在 WWTP 进水样本中被检出，11 种在出水样本中，13 种在地表水样本中。所有水样中均检出了二苯甲酮-3、二苯甲酮-4 和苯并咪唑基对甲苯磺酸（PBSA）。在一些地点，奥克立林、UV-327 和 4-甲基苄叉基樟脑的风险商数超过了 1。在抗孕激素 CALUX 测定中，20 种目标紫外线滤光剂中有 10 种具有活性。在进水、出水和地表水中，分别检测到高达 7.7ng/L、3.8ng/L 和 4.5ng/L 的米非司酮当量的抗孕激素活性。紫外线滤光剂对进水的抗孕激素活性的贡献率高达 37%。在对照池塘和 Podroužek（检出紫外线滤光剂数量最多的池塘）的鱼类组织中也测量到了抗孕激素活性，范围分别为 2.2 至 9.5 和 1.9 至 8.6ng/g dw 米非司酮当量。然而，仅在鱼类中发现了二苯甲酮，但它没有表现出抗孕激素活性，因此不能解释所观察到的活性。
