Lan Yuanchen, Yu Liyuan, Hu Zhiai, Zou Shujuan
（ 610041） State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2024 Mar 20;55(2):263-272. doi: 10.12182/20240360301.
The dynamic balance between bone formation and bone resorption is a critical process of bone remodeling. The imbalance of bone formation and bone resorption is closely associated with the occurrence and development of various bone-related diseases. Under both physiological and pathological conditions, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a crucial regulatory role in protein expression through either inhibiting mRNAs translation or promoting mRNAs degradation. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of non-linear ncRNAs that can resist the degradation of RNA exonucleases. There is accumulating evidence suggesting that circRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) serve as critical regulators of bone remodeling through their direct or indirect regulation of the expression of osteogenesis-related genes. Additionally, recent studies have revealed the involvement of the circRNAs-miRNAs regulatory network in the process by which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate towards the osteoblasts (OB) lineage and the process by which bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) differentiate towards osteoclasts (OC). The circRNA-miRNA network plays an important regulatory role in the osteoblastic-osteoclastic balance of bone remodeling. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the circRNA-miRNA regulatory mechanisms will contribute to a better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of the balance between osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in the process of bone remodeling and the diagnosis and treatment of related diseases. Herein, we reviewed the functions of circRNA and microRNA. We also reviewed their roles in and the mechanisms of the circRNA-miRNA regulatory network in the process of bone remodeling. This review provides references and ideas for further research on the regulation of bone remodeling and the prevention and treatment of bone-related diseases.
骨形成与骨吸收之间的动态平衡是骨重塑的关键过程。骨形成与骨吸收的失衡与各种骨相关疾病的发生和发展密切相关。在生理和病理条件下，非编码RNA（ncRNAs）通过抑制mRNA翻译或促进mRNA降解在蛋白质表达中发挥关键调节作用。环状RNA（circRNAs）是一类非线性ncRNAs，能够抵抗RNA外切酶的降解。越来越多的证据表明，circRNAs和微小RNA（miRNAs）通过直接或间接调节成骨相关基因的表达，作为骨重塑的关键调节因子。此外，最近的研究揭示了circRNAs-miRNAs调控网络参与间充质干细胞（MSCs）向成骨细胞（OB）谱系分化以及骨髓来源巨噬细胞（BMDM）向破骨细胞（OC）分化的过程。circRNA-miRNA网络在骨重塑的成骨细胞-破骨细胞平衡中发挥重要调节作用。因此，深入了解circRNA-miRNA调控机制将有助于更好地理解骨重塑过程中成骨细胞和破骨细胞活性平衡的调控机制以及相关疾病的诊断和治疗。在此，我们综述了circRNA和微小RNA的功能。我们还综述了它们在骨重塑过程中的作用以及circRNA-miRNA调控网络的机制。本综述为进一步研究骨重塑的调控以及骨相关疾病的防治提供了参考和思路。
