Zhang Longze, Wang Yanyang, Gao Jianmei, Zhou Xue, Huang Minglei, Wang Xianyao, He Zhixu
Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China.
Oncol Lett. 2024 Apr 9;27(6):255. doi: 10.3892/ol.2024.14388. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a common form of malignant tumor in the digestive system that is classified into two types: Esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma. ESCC is known for its early onset of symptoms, which can be difficult to identify, as well as its rapid progression and tendency to develop drug resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. These factors contribute to the high incidence of disease and low cure rate. Therefore, a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target need to be identified for ESCC. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of molecules that are transcribed from DNA but do not encode proteins. Initially, ncRNAs were considered to be non-functional segments generated during transcription. However, with advancements in high-throughput sequencing technologies in recent years, ncRNAs have been associated with poor prognosis, drug resistance and progression of ESCC. The present study provides a comprehensive overview of the biogenesis, characteristics and functions of ncRNAs, particularly focusing on microRNA, long ncRNAs and circular RNAs. Furthermore, the ncRNAs that could potentially be used as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ESCC are summarized to highlight their application value and prospects in ESCC.
食管癌（EC）是消化系统常见的恶性肿瘤形式，分为两种类型：食管鳞状细胞癌（ESCC）和食管腺癌。ESCC以其症状出现早、难以识别、进展迅速以及对化疗和放疗产生耐药性的倾向而闻名。这些因素导致了该病的高发病率和低治愈率。因此，需要为ESCC确定一种诊断生物标志物和治疗靶点。非编码RNA（ncRNAs）是一类从DNA转录而来但不编码蛋白质的分子。最初，ncRNAs被认为是转录过程中产生的无功能片段。然而，近年来随着高通量测序技术的进步，ncRNAs已与ESCC的不良预后、耐药性和进展相关联。本研究全面概述了ncRNAs的生物发生、特征和功能，尤其侧重于微小RNA、长链ncRNAs和环状RNA。此外，总结了可能用作ESCC诊断生物标志物和治疗靶点的ncRNAs，以突出它们在ESCC中的应用价值和前景。
