Sun Chengyao, Liu Ziwei, Li Sixuan, Wang Yuqi, Liu Guoxiang
Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
Inquiry. 2024 Jan-Dec;61:469580241246461. doi: 10.1177/00469580241246461.
Concerns have been raised globally regarding the long-term effects of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to investigate the impact of long COVID on the health of patients recovering from acute COVID-19 in China. We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey from 1 February to 9 March 2023. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to understand the differences in health utility values between individuals with and without long COVID. Factors associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were determined using a multiple linear regression model. A chi-square test was used to compare differences between the 2 groups for each dimension of the EuroQoL-5 Dimension-5 Level (EQ-5D-5L) scale. In total, 307 participants were included in the analysis, of which 40.39% exhibited at least 1 persistent symptom. The common symptoms of long COVID were fatigue/weakness, coughing, memory decline, poor concentration, and phlegm in the throat. Most patients with long COVID reported mild effects from their symptoms. After propensity score matching, the long-COVID group had lower health utility scores than the non-long-COVID group (0.94 vs 0.97). In the multivariable linear regression analysis, persistent symptoms and low annual household income were associated with lower health utility values ( < .05). Anxiety/depression and pain/discomfort were the major problems experienced by the participants with long COVID. Long-COVID symptoms following acute COVID-19 infection have a serious impact on health-related quality of life. Therefore, it is necessary to implement interventions to improve patient health after the recovery from acute COVID-19.
全球对2019年新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的长期影响表示担忧。本研究旨在调查在中国从急性COVID-19中康复的患者中，长期COVID对健康的影响。我们于2023年2月1日至3月9日进行了一项横断面问卷调查。采用倾向得分匹配（PSM）来了解有无长期COVID的个体之间健康效用值的差异。使用多元线性回归模型确定与健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）相关的因素。采用卡方检验比较欧洲五维健康量表（EQ-5D-5L）各维度两组之间的差异。分析共纳入307名参与者，其中40.39%表现出至少1种持续症状。长期COVID的常见症状为疲劳/虚弱、咳嗽、记忆力减退、注意力不集中和喉咙有痰。大多数长期COVID患者报告其症状影响较轻。倾向得分匹配后，长期COVID组的健康效用得分低于非长期COVID组（0.94对0.97）。在多变量线性回归分析中，持续症状和家庭年收入低与较低的健康效用值相关（P<0.05）。焦虑/抑郁和疼痛/不适是长期COVID参与者经历的主要问题。急性COVID-19感染后的长期COVID症状对健康相关生活质量有严重影响。因此，有必要实施干预措施以改善急性COVID-19康复后患者的健康状况。
