You Jiangshan, Zhao Mengyao, Chen Shumin, Jiang Lihua, Gao Shuhong, Yin Hao, Zhao Liming
State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology (SCICBT), Shanghai, 200237, China.
Bioresour Bioprocess. 2022 Sep 5;9(1):94. doi: 10.1186/s40643-022-00579-3.
Chitooligosaccharides (COS) are found naturally in the ocean and present a variety of physiological activities, of which hypoglycemic action has attracted considerable research attention. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic effect of COS on mice suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). COS effectively reduced blood glucose and blood lipid levels and improved glucose tolerance. Furthermore, COS revealed strong inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase, reducing postprandial blood glucose levels. Molecular docking data showed that COS might interact with surrounding amino acids to form a complex and decrease α-glucosidase activity. Additionally, COS enhanced insulin signal transduction and glycogen synthesis while restricting gluconeogenesis in the liver and muscles, reducing insulin resistance (IR) as a result. Moreover, COS effectively protected and restored islet cell function to increase insulin secretion. These results indicated that COS exhibited a significant hypoglycemic effect with multi-target participation. Therefore, COS may serve as a new preventive or therapeutic drug for diabetes to alleviate metabolic syndrome.
壳寡糖（COS）天然存在于海洋中，具有多种生理活性，其中降血糖作用已引起了相当多的研究关注。本研究旨在评估壳寡糖对2型糖尿病（T2DM）小鼠的治疗效果。壳寡糖有效降低了血糖和血脂水平，并改善了葡萄糖耐量。此外，壳寡糖对α-葡萄糖苷酶具有很强的抑制活性，降低了餐后血糖水平。分子对接数据表明，壳寡糖可能与周围氨基酸相互作用形成复合物并降低α-葡萄糖苷酶活性。此外，壳寡糖增强了胰岛素信号转导和糖原合成，同时限制了肝脏和肌肉中的糖异生，从而降低了胰岛素抵抗（IR）。此外，壳寡糖有效地保护并恢复了胰岛细胞功能，以增加胰岛素分泌。这些结果表明，壳寡糖在多靶点参与下表现出显著的降血糖作用。因此，壳寡糖可能作为一种新的糖尿病预防或治疗药物来缓解代谢综合征。
