College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
Environ Pollut. 2024 Jun 1;350:124010. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124010. Epub 2024 Apr 20.
Microenvironments, such as student dormitories, differ from general residential environments. They are characterized by small spaces, poor air circulation, high personnel densities, and electronic products, such as computers that are turned on for extended periods, leading to increased pollution concentrations. The limited space and poor air circulation reduce migration of contaminants, such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), making it easier for PBDEs to accumulate. However, few studies have been conducted on small group dwellings, including student dormitory dwellings. We collected dust samples from student dormitories of a university to analyze the characteristics and traceability of PBDEs in dormitory microenvironments. The results showed that PBDE congeners were widely present in university dormitories and the order of median concentration of ∑PBDEs was as follows: male old-fashioned dormitory (273 ng/g) > female four-person dormitory (132 ng/g) > female two-person dormitory (132 ng/g) > male two-person dormitory (96.2 ng/g) > female old-fashioned dormitory (91.6 ng/g) > male four-person apartment (51.8 ng/g). BDE-209 was the most abundant PBDE congener, followed by BDE-47, and BDE-28. PBDEs were also found in typical electrical appliances, with higher concentrations in laptops than in desktops, and higher concentrations in desktops than in idle ones. According to Spearman correlation and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), we also found that boards and wallpaper materials were common sources of contamination in the microenvironment of student dormitories, and that female dormitories had more sources of PBDE emissions. Human exposure to PBDEs in students is below the US Environmental Protection Agency reference dose. Although exposure to PBDEs generated in dormitories does not pose a significant health risk, the potential hazards of PBDEs to the reagent environment remain to be investigated.
微环境，如学生宿舍，与一般居住环境不同。它们的特点是空间小、空气流通差、人员密度高、电脑等电子产品长时间开启，导致污染浓度增加。有限的空间和不良的空气流通减少了污染物（如多溴二苯醚 (PBDEs)）的迁移，使 PBDEs 更容易积累。然而，很少有研究涉及小群体住宅，包括学生宿舍。我们从一所大学的学生宿舍采集灰尘样本，分析宿舍微环境中 PBDEs 的特征和溯源性。结果表明，多溴二苯醚同系物广泛存在于大学宿舍中，∑PBDEs 的中值浓度顺序为：老式男宿舍（273ng/g）>四人女宿舍（132ng/g）>两人女宿舍（132ng/g）>两人男宿舍（96.2ng/g）>老式女宿舍（91.6ng/g）>四人男公寓（51.8ng/g）。BDE-209 是最丰富的 PBDE 同系物，其次是 BDE-47 和 BDE-28。典型的电器中也发现了 PBDEs，笔记本电脑中的浓度高于台式电脑，台式电脑中的浓度高于闲置电脑。根据 Spearman 相关和主成分分析（PCA），我们还发现，电路板和壁纸材料是学生宿舍微环境中常见的污染来源，且女宿舍中 PBDEs 的排放源更多。学生体内的 PBDEs 暴露量低于美国环保署参考剂量。尽管宿舍中生成的 PBDEs 暴露对健康没有显著风险，但 PBDEs 对试剂环境的潜在危害仍有待研究。
