Engström C, Hollender L, Lindqvist S
J Oral Rehabil. 1985 Nov;12(6):451-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.1985.tb01291.x.
The jaw morphology in the mandible and maxilla was studied by cephalometric analysis in two groups of edentulous subjects and in two groups of individuals in possession of all teeth. The predominating facial type in these groups was the orthognathic type. The alveolar bone height differed significantly between men and women in the edentulous groups but not in the subjects in possession of all teeth. Thus, there seemed to be a sex difference in alveolar bone diminution after extraction of all teeth. The gonial angle was significantly greater in both men and women in the edentulous groups than in either sex in the groups in possession of all teeth. Thus, the basal bone morphology in the mandible seemed to be changed in the same manner in both sexes in the edentulous groups after extraction of all teeth, in contrast to the alveolar bone diminution. Indications were found that the gonial angle might be age related. The chin angle as such was found to be less than 60 degrees in the majority of edentulous individuals which makes this value seem to be of minor importance when selecting edentulous individuals for surgical deepening of the vestibular sulcus.
通过头影测量分析，对两组无牙颌受试者和两组全口牙齿完好的个体的下颌骨和上颌骨的颌骨形态进行了研究。这些组中占主导地位的面部类型是正颌型。无牙颌组中男性和女性的牙槽骨高度存在显著差异，但全口牙齿完好的受试者中不存在这种差异。因此，在拔除所有牙齿后，牙槽骨吸收似乎存在性别差异。无牙颌组的男性和女性的下颌角均显著大于全口牙齿完好组的男性和女性。因此，与牙槽骨吸收不同，在拔除所有牙齿后，无牙颌组的男性和女性下颌骨的基骨形态似乎以相同方式发生了改变。有迹象表明下颌角可能与年龄有关。在大多数无牙颌个体中，颏角小于60度，这使得在选择无牙颌个体进行前庭沟手术加深时，该值似乎不太重要。
