Student Research Committee, Department of Community Health Nursing, Nursing & Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Apr 22;24(1):1110. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18441-w.
Pedestrians are considered the most vulnerable and complex road users as human behavior constitutes one of the fundamental reasons for traffic-related incidents involving pedestrians. However, the role of health literacy as a predictor of Pedestrian safety behavior remains underexplored. Therefore, the current study was designed to examine the level of health literacy and its association with the safety behavior of adult pedestrians in the city of Tabriz.
This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among individuals aged 18 to 65 years in the metropolitan area of Tabriz from January to April 2023. Data were collected using the HELIA standard questionnaire (Health Literacy Instrument for adults), comprising 33 items across 5 domains (access, reading, understanding, appraisal, decision-making and behavior), as well as the Pedestrian Behavior Questionnaire (PBQ) consisting of 29 items. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics (independent t-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient) via SPSS-22 software.
Based on the results, 94% (376 individuals) had excellent health literacy levels, and their safety behavior scores were at a good level. Health literacy and safety behavior were higher among the age group of 31 to 45 years, women, married individuals, those who read books, and individuals with higher education. However, safety behavior showed no significant association with education level (P > 0.05). There was a significant and positive relationship between health literacy and all its domains and pedestrian safety behavior (r = 0.369, P < 0.001).
This study underscores the significant impact of health literacy on pedestrians' safety behavior. The findings reveal that higher levels of health literacy are associated with better safety behavior among individuals aged 18 to 63. Demographic factors such as age, gender, marital status, and education level also play a role in shaping both health literacy and safety behavior. By recognizing these relationships, interventions can be tailored to improve health literacy levels and promote safer pedestrian practices, ultimately contributing to a healthier and safer community in Tabriz city.
行人被认为是最脆弱和最复杂的道路使用者，因为人的行为是导致与行人相关的交通事故的根本原因之一。然而，健康素养作为预测行人安全行为的因素仍未得到充分探索。因此，本研究旨在调查塔比里斯市成年人的健康素养水平及其与行人安全行为之间的关系。
本横断面分析性研究于 2023 年 1 月至 4 月在大塔比里斯地区对 18 至 65 岁的个体进行。使用 HELIA 标准问卷（成人健康素养工具）收集数据，该问卷由 33 个项目组成，涵盖 5 个领域（获取、阅读、理解、评估、决策和行为），以及由 29 个项目组成的行人行为问卷（PBQ）。使用 SPSS-22 软件通过描述性和分析性统计（独立 t 检验、方差分析和 Pearson 相关系数）分析数据。
结果显示，94%（376 人）具有优秀的健康素养水平，其安全行为得分处于良好水平。31 至 45 岁、女性、已婚、阅读书籍和受过高等教育的个体具有更高的健康素养和安全行为。然而，安全行为与教育水平之间没有显著关联（P>0.05）。健康素养及其所有领域与行人安全行为之间存在显著且正相关（r=0.369，P<0.001）。
本研究强调了健康素养对行人安全行为的重大影响。研究结果表明，较高的健康素养水平与 18 至 63 岁个体的更好的安全行为相关。年龄、性别、婚姻状况和教育水平等人口统计学因素也对健康素养和安全行为的形成起着作用。通过认识到这些关系，可以制定干预措施来提高健康素养水平，并促进更安全的行人行为，从而为塔比里斯市的更健康和更安全的社区做出贡献。
