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肯尼亚西部身体残疾者获取 COVID-19 疫苗的身体准入障碍评估。

An evaluation of physical access barriers to COVID-19 vaccines uptake among persons with physical disabilities in western Kenya.

机构信息

Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Bondo, Kenya.

Department of Public Health and Community Health & Development, School of Health Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Bondo, Kenya.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2024 Apr 22;24(1):1112. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18592-w.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Physically disabled persons continue to be discriminated, excluded and neglected based on design of structures and their location. This hampers equitable access to services and disproportionately affect them during a pandemic. This study aimed to evaluate physical access barriers to COVID-19 vaccines among persons with physical disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic, (March 2020 to March 2022) in Ugenya Sub-county, Siaya County in Western Kenya.

METHODS

The study design was cross-sectional. 108 physically disabled participants were selected using systematic sampling technique. Data was collected using structured questionnaires.

RESULTS

Vaccination location (χ = 95.480, p = 0.001), access to the vaccination room (χ = 84.098, p = 0.001) and mobility impaired (χ 16.168, p = 0.001) had statistically significant associations with uptake of COVID-19 vaccine. Income levels, belief in existence of COVID-19, information from mass media and being married increased the odds of becoming vaccinated (AOR = 1.5, 95% CI 0.7-3.4), (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI 0.8-4.0) (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.5-4.2) and (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.3-3.9) respectively. The binary logistic regression analysis showed that transport cost and age (p = 0.001) had statistically significant associations with COVID-19 vaccine access and uptake. Those who had difficulty in movement and speaking found uptake of COVID-19 vaccine hard (p = 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Marital status, information from reliable sources, belief in existence of COVID-19 were associated with access to and uptake of COVID-19 vaccine. Additionally, nonpayment of transport cost increased the odds of becoming vaccinated. Therefore, mobile health teams should be put in place to reach the physically disabled who are hard-to-leave home. Additionally, reimbursement of amount spent on transportation can be adopted to boost access to healthcare services by the physically disabled persons.

摘要

背景

由于结构设计和位置原因,残疾人仍然面临歧视、排斥和忽视,这阻碍了他们公平获得服务,并在大流行期间对他们产生了不成比例的影响。本研究旨在评估 2020 年 3 月至 2022 年 3 月期间,在肯尼亚西部 Siaya 县 Ugenya 次县,残疾人在 COVID-19 大流行期间接种 COVID-19 疫苗的身体无障碍障碍。

方法

本研究设计为横断面研究。使用系统抽样技术选择了 108 名身体残疾参与者。使用结构化问卷收集数据。

结果

疫苗接种地点(χ=95.480,p=0.001)、进入接种室的机会(χ=84.098,p=0.001)和行动不便(χ16.168,p=0.001)与 COVID-19 疫苗接种呈统计学显著关联。收入水平、对 COVID-19 存在的信念、大众媒体信息和已婚状况增加了接种疫苗的可能性(AOR=1.5,95%CI 0.7-3.4)、(AOR=1.8,95%CI 0.8-4.0)、(AOR=2.5,95%CI 1.5-4.2)和(AOR=2.2,95%CI 1.3-3.9)。二元逻辑回归分析表明,交通成本和年龄(p=0.001)与 COVID-19 疫苗的获取和接种呈统计学显著关联。那些行动不便和说话困难的人发现接种 COVID-19 疫苗很困难(p=0.001)。

结论

婚姻状况、可靠来源的信息、对 COVID-19 存在的信念与 COVID-19 疫苗的获取和接种有关。此外,不支付交通费用会增加接种疫苗的几率。因此,应设立流动医疗队,为那些难以离家的残疾人提供服务。此外,可以采用报销残疾人在交通上的花费的方式,以增加他们获得医疗保健服务的机会。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4362/11036731/34ce0a2b078f/12889_2024_18592_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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