Soltani Shahin, Takian Amirhossein, Akbari Sari Ali, Majdzadeh Reza, Kamali Mohammad
Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Global Health and Public Policy, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2017 Sep 3;31:51. doi: 10.14196/mjiri.31.51. eCollection 2017.
People with disability experience various problems to access to healthcare services. This study aimed to identify cultural barriers in access to healthcare services for people with disability in Iran. We conducted a qualitative study using content analysis to identify the cultural barriers. We used semi-structured interviews to collect data. Participants were selected through purposeful sampling with maximum variation. 50 individual interviews were conducted with three groups of people with disability, healthcare services providers and policy makers, September to May 2015, at different locations in Tehran, Iran. We identified a number of different cultural barriers in access to health services for people with disability in Iran. These related to health service providers, namely reluctance to provide health services and disrespect; related to People with disability, namely denial of disability, disproportionate expectation, shame and insufficient sociocultural supports; and related to policy makers, namely lack of concern, little attention to the culture of disability and discrimination. We categorized misconception as a barrier that was observed at all levels of the society. Disability is a reality that some human being may experience and live with it. The negative attitude towards people with disability has a close relationship with the cultural norms of a society. The culture of disability in different dimensions should be a priority for all policy makers. Removing cultural barriers in access to healthcare for people with a disability needs collective efforts and collaborations among all stakeholders.
残疾人在获得医疗服务方面面临各种问题。本研究旨在确定伊朗残疾人在获得医疗服务方面的文化障碍。我们采用内容分析法进行了一项定性研究，以确定文化障碍。我们使用半结构化访谈来收集数据。通过最大差异的目的抽样选择参与者。2015年9月至5月，在伊朗德黑兰的不同地点，对三组人群进行了50次个人访谈，这三组人群分别是残疾人、医疗服务提供者和政策制定者。我们确定了伊朗残疾人在获得医疗服务方面的一些不同文化障碍。这些障碍与医疗服务提供者有关，即不愿提供医疗服务和不尊重；与残疾人有关，即否认残疾、过高期望、羞耻感和社会文化支持不足；与政策制定者有关，即缺乏关注、对残疾文化关注甚少和歧视。我们将误解归类为在社会各层面都存在的一种障碍。残疾是一些人可能经历并与之共存的现实。对残疾人的消极态度与一个社会的文化规范密切相关。不同层面的残疾文化应成为所有政策制定者的优先事项。消除残疾人在获得医疗保健方面的文化障碍需要所有利益相关者共同努力与合作。
