Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, Oleska 48, Opole 45-052, Poland.
Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewskiego 22b, Słupsk 76-200, Poland.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2024 Jul;84:127463. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127463. Epub 2024 Apr 21.
Environmental pollution by cadmium (Cd) is currently a common problem in many countries, especially in highly industrialised areas. Cd present in the soil can be absorbed by plants through the root system.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of cadmium on the metabolic activity of cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) and the accumulation and distribution of Cd in the organs of the plants.
Cucumber seeds (3 g) were exposed to 0.76, 1.58 or 4.17 mg Cd/L (applied as CdCl solutions). The activity of selected antioxidant enzymes - glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation and the content of photosynthetic pigments were determined in 6-week-old cucumber plants. In addition, intake of Cd has been determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (F-AAS).
The results show that the applied cadmium concentrations affected the activity of antioxidant enzymes. An increase in CAT activity and a decrease in SOD activity were observed in all cucumber organs analysed. GSH-Px activity increased in the roots and stems. Surprisingly, GSH-Px activity decreased in the leaves. The level of lipid peroxidation was usually unchanged (the only one statistically significant change was a decrease in the concentration of malondialdehyde in the leaves which was observed after exposure to the highest Cd concentration). The applied Cd concentrations had no effect on the content of photosynthetic pigments. The highest cadmium content was found in the roots of cucumber plants. Cd tends to accumulate in the roots and a small amount was translocated to the stems and leaves, which was confirmed with the translocation factor (TF).
The results indicate that the range of cadmium concentrations used, corresponding to the level of environmental pollution recorded in Europe, effectively activates the antioxidant enzyme system, without intensifying lipid peroxidation or reducing the content of photosynthetic pigments.
目前，许多国家，尤其是高度工业化地区，普遍存在镉（Cd）环境污染问题。土壤中的 Cd 可被植物根系吸收。
本研究旨在探讨 Cd 对黄瓜植株（Cucumis sativus L.）代谢活性的影响，以及 Cd 在植物器官中的积累和分布。
将 3 g 黄瓜种子暴露于 0.76、1.58 或 4.17 mg Cd/L（以 CdCl 溶液形式施加）。在 6 周龄黄瓜植株中测定了几种抗氧化酶（谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT））的活性、脂质过氧化和光合色素含量。此外，还采用火焰原子吸收光谱法（F-AAS）测定了 Cd 的摄入量。
结果表明，施加的 Cd 浓度影响了抗氧化酶的活性。所有分析的黄瓜器官中均观察到 CAT 活性增加和 SOD 活性降低。根和茎中 GSH-Px 活性增加。令人惊讶的是，叶片中 GSH-Px 活性降低。脂质过氧化水平通常不变（唯一具有统计学意义的变化是，在暴露于最高 Cd 浓度后，叶片中丙二醛浓度降低）。施加的 Cd 浓度对光合色素含量没有影响。黄瓜植株根系中 Cd 含量最高。Cd 倾向于在根系中积累，少量转运到茎和叶片中，这一点通过转运因子（TF）得到了证实。
结果表明，所使用的 Cd 浓度范围相当于欧洲记录的环境污染水平，有效地激活了抗氧化酶系统，而不会加剧脂质过氧化或降低光合色素含量。
