Kongkamol Chanon, Chintrakul Apinya, Horsiritham Kanakorn, Kiranantawat Nantaka, Nirattisaikul Sitang, Sungsiri Jitpreedee, Sathirapanya Pornchai, Sathirapanya Chutarat, Boonma Koontidar, Chowwanapoonpohn Tuck, Nuiman Paradon, Supunthuchaikul Jekita, Chokthamangoon Nuttartham, Chintana Chalanthon, Suktaneekul Trithep, Watcharanimit Chananyu
Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
Air Pollution and Health Effect Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
Front Public Health. 2024 Apr 9;12:1360986. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1360986. eCollection 2024.
The health belief model (HBM), baseline health condition, and sociocultural factors impact the decision to participate in a tuberculosis screening program.
This cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out among the "Kao Taew" community dwellers aged 18 years and above, who voluntarily underwent the provided pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) screening by chest radiographs (CXRs). The level of individual HBM domain perception, attitudes toward PTB prevention, and regularity of PTB prevention practices by the participants were evaluated. The significantly associated or correlated factors such as demographic characteristics, individual HBM domain perception, and attitudes toward PTB prevention with the regularity of PTB prevention practices from the univariate analysis were further analyzed by multiple linear regression (p < 0.05) to determine the independent significant predictors of PTB prevention practices.
Among 311 participants comprising 65% women, 57.9% aged ≥ 65 years and 67.2% had an underlying disease. The study participants had a high level of perception of HBM domains but a low level of perception of the barrier. In addition, a high level of attitudes toward PTB prevention and a high regularity of PTB prevention practices were found. A multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the perceived benefits of PTB screening [Beta = 0.20 (0.04, 0.36) = 0.016] and acquiring underlying diseases [Beta = 1.06 (0.38, 1.73), = 0.002] were significant predictors for PTB prevention practices, while belief in Islam was a reverse predictor [Beta = -0.84 (-1.47, -0.21), = 0.010].
The level of perception of the individual domain of HBM, health status, and religious belief significantly predicted voluntary participation in PTB screening programs. Careful consideration by integration of the relevant health psychology, physical, and sociocultural factors is crucial for planning a health screening program.
健康信念模型（HBM）、基线健康状况和社会文化因素会影响参与结核病筛查项目的决策。
本横断面描述性研究在18岁及以上的“考陶”社区居民中开展，这些居民自愿接受通过胸部X光片（CXR）进行的肺结核（PTB）筛查。评估了参与者个人HBM领域认知水平、对PTB预防的态度以及PTB预防措施的规律性。对单因素分析中与PTB预防措施规律性显著相关或关联的因素，如人口统计学特征、个人HBM领域认知和对PTB预防的态度，通过多元线性回归进一步分析（p < 0.05），以确定PTB预防措施的独立显著预测因素。
311名参与者中，65%为女性，57.9%年龄≥65岁，67.2%有基础疾病。研究参与者对HBM领域的认知水平较高，但对障碍的认知水平较低。此外，发现对PTB预防的态度较高，PTB预防措施的规律性也较高。多元线性回归分析显示，PTB筛查的感知益处[β = 0.20（0.04，0.36），p = 0.016]和患有基础疾病[β = 1.06（0.38，1.73），p = 0.002]是PTB预防措施的显著预测因素，而信仰伊斯兰教是反向预测因素[β = -0.84（-1.47，-0.21），p = 0.010]。
HBM个人领域认知水平、健康状况和宗教信仰显著预测了自愿参与PTB筛查项目。综合相关健康心理学、身体和社会文化因素进行仔细考虑对于规划健康筛查项目至关重要。
