Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
J Surg Res. 2024 Jun;298:335-340. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.03.044. Epub 2024 Apr 24.
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. As rectal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an uncommon colorectal cancer, there is limited data on this clinical entity. We aimed to evaluate the tumor characteristics, treatment, and clinical outcomes of this rare deadly disease.
Pathological specimens from 2017 to 2022 at a single National Cancer Institute-designated cancer center were screened for all rectal cases with a diagnosis of SCC. All patients with a primary rectal SCC were included. Patients who had extension to the dentate line or evidence of an anal mass, and those who were treated at an outside institution, were excluded. Demographic, treatment, outcome, and surveillance data was extracted.
There were 56 specimens identified, nine of which met inclusion criteria. Most patients were White (78%), Hispanic (78%), and female (67%). The average age at diagnosis was 57 y [52-65]. All patients had nodal involvement at the time of clinical staging. All patients were treated with Nigro protocol, with one patient treated with surgery first. The median time of follow-up was 12 mo after initial treatment, 33% had recurrence, with median time to recurrence of 25 mo. Overall, mortality from rectal SCC was 33% at a median time of 37 mo from initial diagnosis.
Rectal SCC is a colorectal cancer that is not fully understood. Our findings showed that treatment mirrors that of anal SCC, with similar rates of survival to both rectal adenocarcinoma and anal SCC.
在美国，结直肠癌是第三大常见癌症，也是癌症死亡的第三大主要原因。由于直肠鳞状细胞癌（SCC）是一种不常见的结直肠癌，因此针对这种临床实体的相关数据有限。我们旨在评估这种罕见致命疾病的肿瘤特征、治疗和临床结局。
在一家国家癌症研究所指定的癌症中心，对 2017 年至 2022 年的所有直肠病例进行了筛查，以寻找所有诊断为 SCC 的直肠病例。所有患有原发性直肠 SCC 的患者均被纳入研究。排除了延伸到齿状线或存在肛门肿块证据的患者，以及在其他机构接受治疗的患者。提取了人口统计学、治疗、结局和监测数据。
共鉴定出 56 个标本，其中 9 个符合纳入标准。大多数患者为白人（78%）、西班牙裔（78%）和女性（67%）。诊断时的平均年龄为 57 岁[52-65]。所有患者在临床分期时均有淋巴结受累。所有患者均接受 Nigro 方案治疗，其中 1 例患者先接受手术治疗。初始治疗后中位随访时间为 12 个月，33%的患者出现复发，中位复发时间为 25 个月。总体而言，从初始诊断到直肠 SCC 死亡的中位时间为 37 个月，死亡率为 33%。
直肠 SCC 是一种尚未完全了解的结直肠癌。我们的研究结果表明，其治疗方法与肛门 SCC 相似，生存率与直肠腺癌和肛门 SCC 相似。
