Ramos Tiago Lacerda, de Sousa Fernandes Matheus Santos, da Silva Fidélis Débora Eduarda, Jurema Santos Gabriela Carvalho, Albuquerque Renata B, Ferreira Diorginis José Soares, de Souza Raphael Fabrício, Badicu Georgian, Yagin Fatma Hilal, Yagin Burak, Alwhaibi Reem M, Souto Fabrício Oliveira, Lagranha Claúdia Jacques
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Aplicada à Saúde, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Instituto Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Front Neurosci. 2024 Apr 11;18:1366747. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1366747. eCollection 2024.
The present review aimed to systematically summarize the impacts of environmental enrichment (EE) on cerebral oxidative balance in rodents exposed to normal and unfavorable environmental conditions.
In this systematic review, four databases were used: PubMed (830 articles), Scopus (126 articles), Embase (127 articles), and Science Direct (794 articles). Eligibility criteria were applied based on the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Study (PICOS) strategy to reduce the risk of bias. The searches were carried out by two independent researchers; in case of disagreement, a third participant was requested. After the selection and inclusion of articles, data related to sample characteristics and the EE protocol (time of exposure to EE, number of animals, and size of the environment) were extracted, as well as data related to brain tissues and biomarkers of oxidative balance, including carbonyls, malondialdehyde, nitrotyrosine, oxygen-reactive species, and glutathione (reduced/oxidized).
A total of 1,877 articles were found in the four databases, of which 16 studies were included in this systematic review. The results showed that different EE protocols were able to produce a global increase in antioxidant capacity, both enzymatic and non-enzymatic, which are the main factors for the neuroprotective effects in the central nervous system (CNS) subjected to unfavorable conditions. Furthermore, it was possible to notice a slowdown in neural dysfunction associated with oxidative damage, especially in the prefrontal structure in mice.
In conclusion, EE protocols were determined to be valid tools for improving oxidative balance in the CNS. The global decrease in oxidative stress biomarkers indicates refinement in reactive oxygen species detoxification, triggering an improvement in the antioxidant network.
本综述旨在系统总结环境富集（EE）对处于正常和不利环境条件下的啮齿动物脑氧化平衡的影响。
在本系统综述中，使用了四个数据库：PubMed（830篇文章）、Scopus（126篇文章）、Embase（127篇文章）和Science Direct（794篇文章）。根据人群、干预、对照、结局和研究（PICOS）策略应用纳入标准，以降低偏倚风险。检索由两名独立研究人员进行；如有分歧，则邀请第三名参与者。在选择和纳入文章后，提取了与样本特征和EE方案（EE暴露时间、动物数量和环境大小）相关的数据，以及与脑组织和氧化平衡生物标志物相关的数据，包括羰基、丙二醛、硝基酪氨酸、氧反应性物种和谷胱甘肽（还原型/氧化型）。
在四个数据库中共找到1877篇文章，其中16项研究纳入了本系统综述。结果表明，不同的EE方案能够使抗氧化能力全面提高，包括酶促和非酶促抗氧化能力，这是在不利条件下中枢神经系统（CNS）产生神经保护作用的主要因素。此外，还可以注意到与氧化损伤相关的神经功能障碍有所减缓，尤其是在小鼠的前额叶结构中。
总之，EE方案被确定为改善CNS氧化平衡的有效工具。氧化应激生物标志物的全面下降表明活性氧解毒得到改善，从而引发抗氧化网络的改善。
