Correnti Margherita, Gammella Elena, Cairo Gaetano, Recalcati Stefania
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Metabolites. 2024 Apr 17;14(4):228. doi: 10.3390/metabo14040228.
Iron is an essential nutrient for growth among all branches of life, but while iron is among the most common elements, bioavailable iron is a relatively scarce nutrient. Since iron is fundamental for several biological processes, iron deficiency can be deleterious. On the other hand, excess iron may lead to cell and tissue damage. Consequently, iron balance is strictly regulated. As iron excretion is not physiologically controlled, systemic iron homeostasis is maintained at the level of absorption, which is mainly influenced by the amount of iron stores and the level of erythropoietic activity, the major iron consumer. Here, we outline recent advances that increased our understanding of the molecular aspects of iron absorption. Moreover, we examine the impact of these recent insights on dietary strategies for maintaining iron balance.
铁是所有生命分支生长所必需的营养素，但尽管铁是最常见的元素之一，可生物利用的铁却是一种相对稀缺的营养素。由于铁对多种生物过程至关重要，缺铁可能有害。另一方面，铁过量可能导致细胞和组织损伤。因此，铁平衡受到严格调节。由于铁的排泄不受生理控制，全身铁稳态在吸收水平维持，这主要受铁储存量和红细胞生成活性水平的影响，红细胞生成是主要的铁消耗过程。在此，我们概述了最近的进展，这些进展加深了我们对铁吸收分子方面的理解。此外，我们研究了这些最新见解对维持铁平衡的饮食策略的影响。
