疫苗接种和自然感染对针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2原型株及变异株产生中和抗体的贡献。

The contributions of vaccination and natural infection to the production of neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 prototype strain and variants.

作者信息

Xie Hui, Zhang Junnan, Bai Shuang, Lv Min, Li Juan, Chen Weixin, Suo Luodan, Chen Meng, Zhao Wei, Zhou Shanshan, Wang Jian, Zhang Ao, Ma Jianxin, Wang Fengshuang, Yan Le, Li Dongmei, Wu Jiang

机构信息

Institute for Immunization and Prevention, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Academy for Preventive Medicine, Beijing Institute of Tuberculosis Control Research and Prevention, Beijing, China.

Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.

出版信息

Int J Infect Dis. 2024 Jul;144:107060. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107060. Epub 2024 Apr 25.

DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107060

PMID:38670482

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate the neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants BF.7, BQ.1, BQ.1.1, XBB.1, and XBB.1.5 after vaccination and natural infection.

METHODS

The NAbs against the different viral strains of 490 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 and 187 without SARS-CoV-2 in the Beijing COVID-19 outbreak during December 2022 to January 2023 were analyzed.

RESULTS

In uninfected individuals, limited levels of NAbs were produced against the prototype and variant strains after two doses vaccine but significantly increased after three or four doses of the vaccine. The infected individuals had high NAbs levels against the BF.7, BQ.1, and BQ.1.1 variants and moderate NAbs levels against the XBB.1 and XBB.1.5 variants. The highest NAbs levels were observed after two inoculation doses. The third and fourth doses vaccine did not result in a significant increase the NAbs levels. After the last dose of vaccination, the NAbs levels peaked at 12 months for the prototype and BF.7 and between 6 to 12 months for the BQ.1, BQ.1.1, XBB.1, and XBB.1.5 variants.

CONCLUSIONS

The immune response decreases as the virus mutates. If booster vaccination is considered necessary, it is suggested for at least 6 months after infection.

摘要

目的

评估接种疫苗和自然感染后针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）奥密克戎变种BF.7、BQ.1、BQ.1.1、XBB.1和XBB.1.5的中和抗体（NAb）水平。

方法

分析了2022年12月至2023年1月北京新冠疫情期间490例感染SARS-CoV-2的个体和187例未感染SARS-CoV-2的个体针对不同病毒株的中和抗体。

结果

在未感染个体中，两剂疫苗接种后针对原型株和变异株产生的中和抗体水平有限，但三剂或四剂疫苗接种后显著升高。感染个体针对BF.7、BQ.1和BQ.1.1变种具有高中和抗体水平，针对XBB.1和XBB.1.5变种具有中等中和抗体水平。两剂接种后观察到最高中和抗体水平。第三剂和第四剂疫苗接种后中和抗体水平未显著升高。最后一剂疫苗接种后，原型株和BF.7的中和抗体水平在12个月时达到峰值，BQ.1、BQ.1.1、XBB.1和XBB.1.5变种的中和抗体水平在6至12个月时达到峰值。