Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh.
Institute of sustainability for chemicals, Energy and Environment, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138634, Singapore.
Carbohydr Polym. 2024 Jul 15;336:122111. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122111. Epub 2024 Apr 5.
The development of a rapid hemostat through a facile method with co-existing antibacterial activity and minimum erythrocyte lysis property stands as a major requirement in the field of hemostasis. Herein, a series of novel microparticle hemostats were synthesized using chitosan, different hydrothermally-treated starches, and cross-linked with tannic acid (TA) simultaneously in an unoxidized environment via ionotropic gelation method. Hemostats' comparative functional properties, such as adjustable antibacterial and erythrocyte compatibility upon various starch additions were evaluated. The in vivo hemostatic study revealed that the developed hemostats for mouse liver laceration and rat tail amputation had clotting times (13 s and 38 s, respectively) and blood loss (51 mg and 62 mg, respectively) similar to those of Celox™. The erythrocyte adhesion test suggested that erythrocyte distortion can be lowered by modifying the antibacterial hemostats with different starches. The broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy of the hemostats remained intact against S. aureus (>90 %), E. coli (>80 %), and P. mirabilis bacteria upon starch modification. They also demonstrated high hemocompatibility (<3 % hemolysis ratio), moderate cell viability (>81 %), in vivo biodegradation, and angiogenesis indicating adequate biocompatibility and wound healing. The developed hemostats hold significant promise to be employed as rapid hemostatic agents for preventing major bleeding and bacterial infection in emergencies.
通过简便的方法开发具有共存的抗菌活性和最小红细胞溶血特性的快速止血剂是止血领域的主要要求。本文采用壳聚糖、不同水热处理的淀粉，并在非氧化环境中通过离子凝胶法同时与鞣酸（TA）交联，合成了一系列新型微粒止血剂。评估了止血剂的比较功能特性，例如在添加各种淀粉时具有可调的抗菌和红细胞相容性。体内止血研究表明，用于小鼠肝裂伤和大鼠尾切断的止血剂的凝血时间（分别为 13s 和 38s）和失血量（分别为 51mg 和 62mg）与 Celox™相似。红细胞粘附试验表明，通过用不同的淀粉修饰抗菌止血剂，可以降低红细胞变形。淀粉修饰后，止血剂对金黄色葡萄球菌（>90%）、大肠杆菌（>80%）和奇异变形杆菌的广谱抗菌功效仍然完好。它们还表现出高血液相容性（<3%溶血率）、中等细胞活力（>81%）、体内生物降解和血管生成，表明具有足够的生物相容性和伤口愈合能力。开发的止血剂有望作为快速止血剂，用于预防紧急情况下的大出血和细菌感染。
