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单腿和双腿仰卧抬腿练习时踝关节位置对核心及下肢肌肉募集的影响

Effects of Ankle Position While Performing One- and Two-Leg Floor Bridging Exercises on Core and Lower Extremity Muscle Recruitment.

作者信息

Escamilla Rafael F, Thompson Irwin S, Carinci Joe, MacLean Daniel, MacLean Lisa, Aguinaldo Arnel L

机构信息

Department of Physical Therapy, California State University, Sacramento, CA 95819, USA.

UC Davis Sports Medicine & Orthopedics, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.

出版信息

Bioengineering (Basel). 2024 Apr 5;11(4):356. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering11040356.

Abstract

Given there are no known studies which have examined multiple lower extremity muscles between different ankle positions during bridging activities, the objective was to assess how employing two different ankle positions (PF versus DF) while performing five common bridging exercises (three bipedal and two unipedal) used in rehabilitation and athletic performance affect core and select lower extremity muscle EMG recruitment. Twenty healthy subjects performed a 5 s isometric hold during five two- and one-leg bridge exercises: (1) on right leg with left knee to chest (1LB-LFlex); (2) on right leg with left knee extended (1LB-LExt); (3) standard two-leg bridge (2LB); (4) two-leg bridge with resistance band around knees (2LB-ABD); and (5) two-leg bridge with ball between knees (2LB-ADD). Surface electromyographic (EMG) data were collected using a Noraxon Telemyo Direct Transmission System from fourteen muscles: (1) three superficial quadriceps (VM, VL, and RF); (2) three hip abductors (TFL, GMED, and GMAX); (3) medial hamstrings (ST) and lateral hamstrings (BF); (4) hip adductors (ADD); (5) erector spinae (ES); (6) latissimus dorsi (LATS); (7) upper rectus abdominis (RA); and (8) external oblique (EO) and internal oblique (IO). EMG data were normalized by maximum voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs). A paired -test ( < 0.01) was used to assess differences in normalized mean EMG activities between DF and PF for each exercise. EMG activities were significantly greater in DF than PF for the (a) VM, VL, and RF during 1LB-LFlex; (b) ADD during 1LB-LFlex, 1LB-LExt; (c) EO during 1LB-LFlex; and (d) IO during 1LB-LFex. In contrast, EMG activities were significantly greater in PF than DF for ST and BF during all five bridge exercises. Bridging with PF (feet flat) was most effective in recruiting the hamstrings, while bridging with DF (feet up) was most effective in recruiting the quadriceps, hip adductors, and internal and external obliques.

摘要

鉴于目前尚无研究在桥式运动期间对不同踝关节位置的多块下肢肌肉进行检测,本研究的目的是评估在进行康复和运动表现中常用的五种常见桥式运动(三种双脚和两种单脚)时采用两种不同的踝关节位置(背屈与跖屈)如何影响核心及特定下肢肌肉的肌电图募集情况。20名健康受试者在五种双腿和单腿桥式运动中进行了5秒的等长收缩:(1)右腿支撑,左腿屈膝靠近胸部(1LB-LFlex);(2)右腿支撑,左腿伸直(1LB-LExt);(3)标准双腿桥式运动(2LB);(4)双腿桥式运动,膝盖处环绕弹力带(2LB-ABD);(5)双腿桥式运动,膝盖间夹球(2LB-ADD)。使用Noraxon Telemyo直接传输系统从14块肌肉收集表面肌电图(EMG)数据:(1)三块股四头肌浅层(股内侧肌、股外侧肌和股直肌);(2)三块髋外展肌(阔筋膜张肌、臀中肌和臀大肌);(3)半腱肌内侧头(ST)和半腱肌外侧头(BF);(4)髋内收肌(ADD);(5)竖脊肌(ES);(6)背阔肌(LATS);(7)腹直肌上部(RA);以及(8)腹外斜肌(EO)和腹内斜肌(IO)。EMG数据通过最大自主等长收缩(MVICs)进行标准化。采用配对t检验(P<0.01)来评估每种运动中背屈和跖屈之间标准化平均EMG活动的差异。在以下情况中,背屈时的EMG活动显著大于跖屈时:(a)1LB-LFlex期间的股内侧肌、股外侧肌和股直肌;(b)1LB-LFlex、1LB-LExt期间的髋内收肌;(c)1LB-LFlex期间的腹外斜肌;以及(d)1LB-LFex期间的腹内斜肌。相比之下,在所有五种桥式运动中,跖屈时半腱肌内侧头和半腱肌外侧头的EMG活动显著大于背屈时。采用跖屈(双脚平踩)进行桥式运动在募集腘绳肌方面最有效,而采用背屈(双脚抬起)进行桥式运动在募集股四头肌、髋内收肌以及腹内、外斜肌方面最有效。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7cb4/11048684/2468a9e9370e/bioengineering-11-00356-g001.jpg

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