Güngör Ali Kamil, Topçu Hüseyin, Aldhahi Monira I, Al-Mhanna Sameer Badri, Gülü Mehmet
Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bursa Uludağ University, 16059 Bursa, Türkiye.
Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bursa Uludağ University, 16059 Bursa, Türkiye.
J Clin Med. 2024 Apr 16;13(8):2296. doi: 10.3390/jcm13082296.
: The modulation of cardiac sympathovagal balance alters following acute resistance training (RT) sessions. Nevertheless, the precise influence of RT at varying load intensities on this physiological response remains to be fully elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the time course of recovery following low- (40%), moderate- (60%), and high- (80%) load-intensity RT protocols performed up to muscle repetition failure in resistance-trained men. : Sixteen young, resistance-trained men (mean age: 21.6 ± 2.5 years, mean height: 175.7 ± 8.9 cm, mean weight: 77.1 ± 11.3 kg) participated in a randomized crossover experimental design involving three sessions, each taken to the point of muscle failure. These sessions were characterized by different load intensities: low (40% of 1-repetition maximum, 1RM), moderate (60% of 1RM), and high (80% of 1RM). The exercise regimen comprised four exercises-back squat (BS), bench press (BnP), barbell row (BR), and shoulder press (SP)-with each exercise consisting of three sets. Throughout each session, heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure (BP) parameters were assessed both pre-exercise and during a 40 min post-exercise period, segmented into 10 min intervals for stabilization. Statistical analysis involved the use of a repeated measures ANOVA. : It was observed that the 40% and 60% RT sessions resulted in a significantly higher root mean square of successive R-R intervals (RMSSD) value compared to the 80% RT session in the post-exercise recovery process in 30 min (respectively, = 0.025; = 0.028) and 40 min (respectively, = 0.031; = 0.046), while the 40% and 60% RT sessions produced similar responses. The 40% RT session was significantly higher in the high frequency (HF) value post-exercise in 40 min compared to the 80% RT session ( = 0.045). : Our findings suggest that engaging in resistance training (RT) sessions to muscle failure at an intensity of 80% induces acute increases in sympathetic activity, potentially leading to elevated cardiovascular stress. For individuals with normal blood pressure, it is advisable to opt for lighter loads and higher repetition volumes when prescribing RT, as heavier-load RT may carry an increased risk of cardiac-related factors.
急性抗阻训练（RT）后，心脏交感迷走神经平衡会发生改变。然而，不同负荷强度的抗阻训练对这种生理反应的确切影响仍有待充分阐明。因此，本研究的目的是比较在抗阻训练男性中，进行低负荷（40%）、中等负荷（60%）和高负荷（80%）强度的抗阻训练方案直至肌肉重复力竭后恢复的时间进程。
16名年轻的抗阻训练男性（平均年龄：21.6±2.5岁，平均身高：175.7±8.9厘米，平均体重：77.1±11.3千克）参与了一项随机交叉实验设计，包括三个训练阶段，每个阶段都进行到肌肉力竭。这些阶段的特点是负荷强度不同：低负荷（1次重复最大值的40%，即1RM的40%）、中等负荷（1RM的60%）和高负荷（1RM的80%）。训练方案包括四项运动——后深蹲（BS）、卧推（BnP）、杠铃划船（BR）和肩推（SP）——每项运动包括三组。在每个训练阶段，运动前和运动后40分钟内评估心率变异性（HRV）和血压（BP）参数，分为10分钟间隔以达到稳定状态。统计分析采用重复测量方差分析。
结果发现，在运动后恢复过程中，40%和60%负荷强度的抗阻训练阶段在30分钟（分别为P = 0.025；P = 0.028）和40分钟（分别为P = 0.031；P = 0.046）时，连续R-R间期的均方根（RMSSD）值显著高于80%负荷强度的抗阻训练阶段，而40%和60%负荷强度的抗阻训练阶段产生的反应相似。40%负荷强度的抗阻训练阶段在运动后40分钟的高频（HF）值显著高于80%负荷强度的抗阻训练阶段（P = 0.045）。
我们的研究结果表明，以80%的强度进行抗阻训练直至肌肉力竭会导致交感神经活动急性增加，可能导致心血管压力升高。对于血压正常的个体，在规定抗阻训练时，建议选择较轻的负荷和较高的重复次数，因为较重负荷的抗阻训练可能会增加心脏相关因素的风险。
