Dekeyser Agnès, Huart Caroline, Hummel Thomas, Hox Valérie
Laboratory of Pneumology, ENT (Airways) and Dermatology (Skin) (LUNS), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Apr 18;25(8):4460. doi: 10.3390/ijms25084460.
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a highly prevalent disease and up to 83% of CRS patients suffer from olfactory dysfunction (OD). Because OD is specifically seen in those CRS patients that present with a type 2 eosinophilic inflammation, it is believed that type 2 inflammatory mediators at the level of the olfactory epithelium are involved in the development of this olfactory loss. However, due to the difficulties in obtaining tissue from the olfactory epithelium, little is known about the true mechanisms of inflammatory OD. Thanks to the COVID-19 pandemic, interest in olfaction has been growing rapidly and several studies have been focusing on disease mechanisms of OD in inflammatory conditions. In this paper, we summarize the most recent data exploring the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying OD in CRS. We also review what is known about the potential capacity of olfactory recovery of the currently available treatments in those patients.
慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）是一种高发性疾病，高达83%的CRS患者存在嗅觉功能障碍（OD）。由于OD特别见于那些表现为2型嗜酸性粒细胞炎症的CRS患者，因此认为嗅觉上皮水平的2型炎症介质参与了这种嗅觉丧失的发生。然而，由于从嗅觉上皮获取组织存在困难，关于炎症性OD的真正机制知之甚少。得益于新冠疫情，人们对嗅觉的兴趣迅速增长，多项研究一直聚焦于炎症状态下OD的疾病机制。在本文中，我们总结了探索CRS中OD潜在病理生理机制的最新数据。我们还回顾了目前已知的关于这些患者现有治疗方法嗅觉恢复潜在能力的情况。
