Zhou Pingping, Liu Yuankun, Yang Mengxian, Yan Honghai
College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Genes (Basel). 2024 Mar 26;15(4):411. doi: 10.3390/genes15040411.
The length of coleoptile is crucial for determining the sowing depth of oats in low-precipitation regions, which is significant for oat breeding programs. In this study, a diverse panel of 243 oat accessions was used to explore coleoptile length in two independent experiments. The panel exhibited significant variation in coleoptile length, ranging from 4.66 to 8.76 cm. Accessions from Africa, America, and the Mediterranean region displayed longer coleoptile lengths than those from Asia and Europe. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) using 26,196 SNPs identified 34 SNPs, representing 32 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) significantly associated with coleoptile length. Among these QTLs, six were consistently detected in both experiments, explaining 6.43% to 10.07% of the phenotypic variation. The favorable alleles at these stable loci additively increased coleoptile length, offering insights for pyramid breeding. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of the 350 candidate genes underlying the six stable QTLs revealed significant enrichment in cell development-related processes. Several phytochrome-related genes, including auxin transporter-like protein 1 and cytochrome P450 proteins, were found within these QTLs. Further validation of these loci will enhance our understanding of coleoptile length regulation. This study provides new insights into the genetic architecture of coleoptile length in oats.
在降水较少的地区，燕麦胚芽鞘的长度对于确定燕麦的播种深度至关重要，这对燕麦育种计划具有重要意义。在本研究中，使用了由243份燕麦种质组成的多样化群体，在两个独立实验中探究胚芽鞘长度。该群体的胚芽鞘长度表现出显著差异，范围为4.66至8.76厘米。来自非洲、美洲和地中海地区的种质的胚芽鞘长度比来自亚洲和欧洲的种质更长。利用26196个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）进行全基因组关联研究（GWAS），鉴定出34个SNP，代表32个与胚芽鞘长度显著相关的数量性状基因座（QTL）。在这些QTL中，有6个在两个实验中均被一致检测到，解释了6.43%至10.07%的表型变异。这些稳定基因座上的有利等位基因可累加增加胚芽鞘长度，为聚合育种提供了思路。对六个稳定QTL所对应的350个候选基因进行基因本体论（GO）分析，结果显示在细胞发育相关过程中显著富集。在这些QTL中发现了几个与光敏色素相关的基因，包括生长素转运蛋白样蛋白1和细胞色素P450蛋白。对这些基因座的进一步验证将加深我们对胚芽鞘长度调控的理解。本研究为燕麦胚芽鞘长度的遗传结构提供了新的见解。
