Hernández-Pérez Carmen, Martínez-López Salvadora, Martínez-Sánchez María José, Martínez-Martínez Lucia Belén, García-Lorenzo María Luz, Perez Sirvent Carmen
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, Faculty of Geology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Apr 22;13(8):1161. doi: 10.3390/plants13081161.
This paper evaluates an experimental wetland as part of a pilot soil reclamation project in a mining area. The wetland was constructed using materials of mining origin from the area; most reactive materials of acid pH were stabilised using limestone filler. The study selected macrophytes that are tolerant to potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and resistant to salinity, namely , , and . These macrophytes were then placed in pots containing substrates composed of different mixtures of topsoil, peat, and mining waste (black or yellow sand). A thorough analysis of the physicochemical and mineralogical characteristics of the materials included studies of PTE mobilisation. This study emphasises the significance of the rhizosphere in directing the transfer of PTEs to the plant and the correlation between the substrate and the development of plant defence mechanisms, such as the formation of Fe-plates. Scanning electron microscopy was used to highlight these aspects and validate the results of the analytical determinations. These wetlands can be proposed as a phytoremediation strategy for areas affected by mining and maritime influence. They are easy to construct and remain stable, providing important ecosystem services such as the natural attenuation of acid mine drainage, support for vegetation development and fauna, and a clean ecosystem.
本文评估了一个实验性湿地，该湿地是某矿区土壤复垦试点项目的一部分。该湿地使用该地区的采矿源材料建造而成；酸性pH值的大多数活性材料使用石灰石填料进行了稳定化处理。研究选择了耐潜在有毒元素（PTEs）且耐盐的大型植物，即 、 和 。然后将这些大型植物放置在装有由表土、泥炭和采矿废料（黑砂或黄沙）的不同混合物组成的基质的花盆中。对材料的物理化学和矿物学特性进行了全面分析，包括对PTEs迁移的研究。本研究强调了根际在引导PTEs向植物转移方面的重要性，以及基质与植物防御机制（如铁盘的形成）发展之间的相关性。使用扫描电子显微镜突出这些方面并验证分析测定结果。这些湿地可作为受采矿和海洋影响地区的植物修复策略。它们易于建造且保持稳定，提供重要的生态系统服务，如酸性矿山排水的自然衰减、对植被发育和动物群的支持以及清洁的生态系统。
