Section for Environmental Chemistry and Physics, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1187 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Denmark.
Centre in Water Research and Development, School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Mar 10;811:152230. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152230. Epub 2021 Dec 8.
Acid mine drainage (AMD), a waste product of mining activities containing sulfates, iron and heavy metals, causes severe environmental degradation and pose risks to human health and sustainable development. Areas impacted by AMD are lacking remediation techniques that holistically address the ecologic, social, and economic needs of affected communities, for which phytoremediation is a promising solution. This review article introduces AMD and AMD-impacted environments and critically discusses phytomanagement, phytoprotection, and phytorestoration approaches towards AMD-impacted environments. Continued research and application of such approaches will help optimize resource and revenue-generating potentials, address biodiversity loss and carbon storage concerns of climate change, and promote sustainable agricultural management. With a focus on energy crops, phytomining critical elements, carbon storage, co-cropping, allelopathy, and ecosystem restoration, this review examines phytoremediation research that addresses positive economic and environmental opportunities for AMD-impacted environments.
矿山酸性排水（AMD）是采矿活动的一种废物产物，其中含有硫酸盐、铁和重金属，会导致严重的环境退化，并对人类健康和可持续发展构成威胁。受 AMD 影响的地区缺乏全面满足受影响社区生态、社会和经济需求的补救技术，而植物修复是一种很有前途的解决方案。本文介绍了 AMD 和受 AMD 影响的环境，并对植物管理、植物保护和植物修复方法进行了批判性讨论，以改善受 AMD 影响的环境。继续研究和应用这些方法将有助于优化资源和创收潜力，解决生物多样性丧失和气候变化碳储存问题，并促进可持续农业管理。本文重点关注能源作物，研究了植物提取关键元素、碳储存、间作、化感作用和生态系统恢复，考察了植物修复研究为受 AMD 影响的环境带来的积极的经济和环境机遇。
