Maldonado-Ruiz Karina, Pedroza-Islas Ruth, Pedraza-Segura Lorena
Department of Chemical, Industrial and Food Engineering, Universidad Iberoamericana, Prol. Paseo de la Reforma 880, Lomas de Santa Fe, Mexico City 01210, Mexico.
Microorganisms. 2024 Mar 29;12(4):697. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12040697.
The ocean is the habitat of a great number of organisms with different characteristics. Compared to terrestrial microorganisms, marine microorganisms also represent a vast and largely unexplored reservoir of bioactive compounds with diverse industrial applications like terrestrial microorganisms. This review examines the properties and potential applications of products derived from marine microorganisms, including bacteriocins, enzymes, exopolysaccharides, and pigments, juxtaposing them in some cases against their terrestrial counterparts. We discuss the distinct characteristics that set marine-derived products apart, including enhanced stability and unique structural features such as the amount of uronic acid and sulfate groups in exopolysaccharides. Further, we explore the uses of these marine-derived compounds across various industries, ranging from food and pharmaceuticals to cosmetics and biotechnology. This review also presents a broad description of biotechnologically important compounds produced by bacteria isolated from marine environments, some of them with different qualities compared to their terrestrial counterparts.
海洋是大量具有不同特性的生物的栖息地。与陆地微生物相比，海洋微生物同样代表着一个巨大且在很大程度上尚未被探索的生物活性化合物库，这些化合物有着与陆地微生物类似的多样工业应用。本综述考察了源自海洋微生物的产品的特性和潜在应用，包括细菌素、酶、胞外多糖和色素，在某些情况下还将它们与陆地同类产品进行了对比。我们讨论了使海洋源产品与众不同的独特特性，包括更高的稳定性以及独特的结构特征，如胞外多糖中糖醛酸和硫酸基团的含量。此外，我们还探讨了这些海洋源化合物在从食品、制药到化妆品和生物技术等各个行业的用途。本综述还广泛描述了从海洋环境中分离出的细菌所产生的具有重要生物技术意义的化合物，其中一些与它们的陆地同类产品相比具有不同的特性。
