College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China.
College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Jun 1;277:116382. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116382. Epub 2024 Apr 26.
Excess copper (Cu) imparts negative effects on plant growth and productivity in soil. To develop the ability of O. biennis to govern pollution soil containing excessive Cu, we investigated seed germination, seedling growth, and seed yield. Furthermore, Cu content and the expression levels of Cu transport related genes in different tissues were measured under exogenous high concentration Cu. O. biennis seeds were sensitive to excess Cu, with an observed reduction in the germination rate, primary root length, fresh weight, and number of seeds germinated daily. Consecutive Cu stress did not cause fatal damage to evening primrose, yet it slowed down plant growth slightly by reducing the leaf water, chlorophyll, plant yield, and seed oil contents while increasing the soluble sugar, proline, malondialdehyde, and HO contents. The Cu content in different organs of O. biennis was disrupted by excess Cu. In particular, the Cu content in O. biennis seeds and seed oil increased and subsequently decreased with the increase of exogenous Cu, reaching a peak under 600 mg·kg consecutive Cu. Furthermore, the 4-month 900 mg·kg Cu treatment did not induce the excessive accumulation of Cu in peels, seeds, and seed oil, maintaining the Cu content within the range required by the Chinese National Food Safety Standards. The treatment also resulted in an upregulation of Cu-uptake (ObCOPT5, ObZIP4, and ObYSL2) and vigorous efflux (ObHMA1) of transport genes, of which expression levels were significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) with the Cu content. Among all organs, the stem replaced the root as the organ exhibited the greatest ability to absorb and store Cu, and even the Cu transport genes could still function continuously in stem under excess Cu. This work identified a species that can tolerate high Cu content in soil while maintaining a high yield. Furthermore, the results revealed the enrichment of Cu to occur primarily in the O. biennis stem rather than the seeds and peel under excess Cu.
过量铜（Cu）对土壤中植物的生长和生产力有负面影响。为了开发二色补血草治理含过量 Cu 污染土壤的能力，我们研究了种子萌发、幼苗生长和种子产量。此外，在高浓度外源 Cu 下，测量了不同组织中的 Cu 含量和 Cu 转运相关基因的表达水平。二色补血草种子对过量 Cu 敏感，发芽率、主根长、鲜重和每日发芽种子数均降低。连续 Cu 胁迫不会对月见草造成致命伤害，但通过降低叶片水分、叶绿素、植物产量和种子油含量，同时增加可溶性糖、脯氨酸、丙二醛和 HO 含量，轻微减缓植物生长。过量 Cu 破坏了二色补血草不同器官中的 Cu 含量。特别是，二色补血草种子和种子油中的 Cu 含量随外源 Cu 的增加而增加，随后减少，在 600 mg·kg 连续 Cu 下达到峰值。此外，4 个月 900 mg·kg Cu 处理不会导致果皮、种子和种子油中 Cu 的过度积累，维持了 Cu 含量在符合中国食品安全国家标准的范围内。该处理还导致 Cu 摄取（ObCOPT5、ObZIP4 和 ObYSL2）和强烈外排（ObHMA1）转运基因上调，其表达水平与 Cu 含量呈显著正相关（p<0.05）。在所有器官中，茎取代根成为吸收和储存 Cu 能力最强的器官，甚至在过量 Cu 下，Cu 转运基因仍能在茎中持续发挥作用。这项工作鉴定了一种能够耐受土壤中高 Cu 含量同时保持高产量的物种。此外，结果表明在过量 Cu 下，Cu 的富集主要发生在二色补血草的茎中，而不是种子和果皮中。
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