School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Jun 5;471:134397. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134397. Epub 2024 Apr 25.
Biochar and organic compost are widely used in agricultural soil remediation as soil immobilization agents. However, the effects of biochar and compost on microbial community assembly processes in polluted soil under freezingthawing need to be further clarified. Therefore, a freezethaw cycle experiment was conducted with glyphosate (herbicide), imidacloprid (insecticide) and pyraclostrobin (fungicide) polluted to understand the effect of biochar and compost on microbial community assembly and metabolic behavior. We found that biochar and compost could significantly promote the degradation of glyphosate, imidacloprid and pyraclostrobin in freezethaw soil decrease the half-life of the three pesticides. The addition of immobilization agents improved soil bacterial and fungal communities and promoted the transformation from homogeneous dispersal to homogeneous selection. For soil metabolism, the combined addition of biochar and compost alleviated the pollution of glyphosate, imidacloprid and imidacloprid to soil through up-regulation of metabolites (DEMs) in amino acid metabolism pathway and down-regulation of DEMs in fatty acid metabolism pathway. The structural equation modeling (SEM) results showed that soil pH and DOC were the main driving factors affecting microbial community assembly and metabolites. In summary, the combined addition of biochar and compost reduced the adverse effects of pesticides residues.
生物炭和有机堆肥作为土壤固定剂广泛应用于农业土壤修复中。然而，生物炭和堆肥对受污染土壤在冻融条件下微生物群落组装过程的影响仍需进一步阐明。因此，进行了一个冻融循环实验，该实验用草甘膦（除草剂）、吡虫啉（杀虫剂）和吡唑醚菌酯（杀菌剂）进行了污染，以了解生物炭和堆肥对微生物群落组装和代谢行为的影响。我们发现，生物炭和堆肥可以显著促进冻融土壤中草甘膦、吡虫啉和吡唑醚菌酯的降解，降低这三种农药的半衰期。固定剂的添加提高了土壤细菌和真菌群落，并促进了从均匀分散到均匀选择的转变。对于土壤代谢，生物炭和堆肥的联合添加通过上调氨基酸代谢途径中的代谢物（DEMs）和下调脂肪酸代谢途径中的 DEMs，缓解了草甘膦、吡虫啉和吡虫啉对土壤的污染。结构方程模型（SEM）结果表明，土壤 pH 值和 DOC 是影响微生物群落组装和代谢物的主要驱动因素。总之，生物炭和堆肥的联合添加减少了农药残留的不利影响。
