Wang Yakun, Zhang Zhuo, Li Yuanyuan, Liang Chouyuan, Huang Haochong, Wang Sen
School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Jun 5;471:134410. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134410. Epub 2024 Apr 25.
Heavy metal (HM) pollution in agricultural soils has arisen sharply in recent years. However, the impact of main factors on available HMs concentrations in agricultural soils of the three main industries (smelting, chemical and mining industry) is unclear. Herein, soil properties (pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and texture (sand, slit, clay)), total and available concentrations were concluded based on the results of 165 research papers from 2000 to 2023 in Web of Science database. In the three industries, the correlation and redundancy analysis were used to study the correlation between main factors and available concentrations, and quantitatively analyzed the contribution of each factor to available concentrations with gradient boosting decision tree model. The results showed that different factors had varying degrees of impact on available metals in the three main industries, and the importance of same factors varied in each industry, as for soil pH, it was most important for available Pb and Zn in the chemical industry, but the total concentrations were most important in the smelting and mining industry. There was no significant correlation between total and available concentrations. Soil properties involved in this paper (especially soil pH) were negatively correlated with available concentrations. This study provides effective guidance for the formulation of soil pollution control and risk assessment standards based on industry classification in the three major industrial impact areas.
近年来，农业土壤中的重金属（HM）污染急剧上升。然而，主要因素对三大主要行业（冶炼、化工和采矿业）农业土壤中有效重金属浓度的影响尚不清楚。在此，基于Web of Science数据库中2000年至2023年的165篇研究论文的结果，总结了土壤性质（pH值、阳离子交换容量（CEC）和质地（砂、粉砂、黏土））、总量和有效浓度。在这三个行业中，采用相关性和冗余分析来研究主要因素与有效浓度之间的相关性，并利用梯度提升决策树模型定量分析各因素对有效浓度的贡献。结果表明，不同因素对三大主要行业中的有效金属有不同程度的影响，且同一因素在各行业中的重要性也有所不同，就土壤pH值而言，它对化工行业中有效铅和锌最为重要，但在冶炼和采矿业中总量最为重要。总量与有效浓度之间没有显著相关性。本文所涉及的土壤性质（尤其是土壤pH值）与有效浓度呈负相关。本研究为三大工业影响区基于行业分类制定土壤污染控制和风险评估标准提供了有效指导。
