School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450001, China.
School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450001, China.
Chemosphere. 2024 Jun;358:142154. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142154. Epub 2024 Apr 26.
Water eutrophication caused by nitrogen pollution is an urgent global issue that requires attention. The Qingyi River is a typical micro-polluted river in China. In this study, we took this river as the research object to investigate the nitrogen pollution purification capacity of a herbaceous plant, Rumex japonicus Houtt. (RJH). Compared to nitrate nitrogen (NO-N) and nitrite nitrogen (NO-N), RJH showed better purification performance on total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and ammonia nitrogen (NH-N), with a highest removal rate of 37.22%, 52.13%, and 100%, respectively. RJH could completely remove ammonia nitrogen and exhibit excellent resistance to pollutant interference when the initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the cultivation devices increased from 1 mg/L to 10 mg/L or in the actual river. This indicated the great application potential of RJH in ammonia nitrogen removal from natural micro-polluted rivers. In addition, combined effects of nitrification of roots, absorption of self-growth, stripping, and others contributed to nitrogen removal by RJH. Particularly, the nitrification of roots played a dominant role, accounting for 73.85% ± 8.79%. High-throughput sequencing results indicate that nitrifying bacteria accounted for over 75% of all bacterial species in RJH. Furthermore, RJH showed good growth status and strong adaptability. The correlation coefficients of its relative growth rate with chlorophyll A and the degradation rate of absorption were 0.9677 and 0.9594, respectively. Our research demonstrates that RJH is one of the excellent varieties for ammonia removal. This provides a very promising and sustainable method for purifying micro-polluted rivers.
由氮污染引起的水体富营养化是一个亟待关注的全球性问题。青衣江是中国典型的轻度污染河流。本研究以该河流为研究对象，考察了一种草本植物菹草（Rumex japonicus Houtt.，RJH）对氮污染的净化能力。与硝酸盐氮（NO-N）和亚硝酸盐氮（NO-N）相比，RJH 对总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）和氨氮（NH-N）的去除效果更好，最高去除率分别为 37.22%、52.13%和 100%。当培养装置中氨氮的初始浓度从 1mg/L 增加到 10mg/L 或在实际河流中时，RJH 可以完全去除氨氮，并且对污染物干扰表现出良好的抗性。这表明 RJH 在去除自然微污染河流中的氨氮方面具有巨大的应用潜力。此外，根硝化、自生长吸收、汽提等综合作用促进了 RJH 对氮的去除。特别是，根硝化起主导作用，占 73.85%±8.79%。高通量测序结果表明，硝化细菌占 RJH 中所有细菌种类的 75%以上。此外，RJH 表现出良好的生长状态和较强的适应性。其相对增长率与叶绿素 A 和吸收降解率的相关系数分别为 0.9677 和 0.9594。本研究表明，RJH 是一种优良的氨氮去除品种。为微污染河流的净化提供了一种很有前景和可持续的方法。
