Yusuf Şerefoğlu Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Public Health Nursing, Kilis 7 Aralık University, Kilis, Turkey.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Child Health and Disease Nursing, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey.
Arch Pediatr. 2024 May;31(4):270-276. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2024.01.009. Epub 2024 Apr 27.
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and determinants of behavioral risk factors for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) among students aged 13-19 years in Turkey.
This cross-sectional study included a total of 1218 high-school students (mean age = 15.97 years; 57.6 % females) in Turkey. A facilitated survey in the form of a questionnaire was used to gather data. Questions from the Global School-Based Student Health Survey were adapted for the study, and the responses were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 28. Binary logistic regression and Poisson regression were applied to identify the contributing factors.
The prevalence of inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption was 85.5 %, sedentary leisure behavior 80.9 %, physical inactivity 65.3 %, carbonated soft drink consumption 60.4 %, overweight or obesity 38.1 %, current tobacco use 23.1 %, and current alcohol use 14.5 %. The adjusted Poisson regression analysis showed that the odds for having behavioral risk factors were increased by being male, being in grade 11, and attending physical education classes, whereas the odds were reduced by having multiple psychological distress issues, regularly attending school, and having moderate or high parental support.
The prevalence of clustering of modifiable risk factors for NCDs was high among students aged 13-19 years in Turkey, and there is a need to mount effective interventions. Risk factors for these diseases are often preventable: Appropriate health interventions before, during, and after pregnancy as well as throughout childhood and adolescence can significantly reduce their prevalence.
本研究旨在调查土耳其 13-19 岁学生中常见的非传染性疾病行为风险因素的流行情况及其决定因素。
本横断面研究共纳入土耳其 1218 名高中生（平均年龄=15.97 岁；57.6%为女性）。采用问卷调查形式收集数据。研究采用了来自全球学生健康状况调查的问题，并使用 IBM SPSS Statistics 28 进行分析。应用二元逻辑回归和泊松回归分析确定影响因素。
水果和蔬菜摄入不足、久坐的休闲行为、缺乏身体活动、饮用碳酸软饮料、超重或肥胖、当前吸烟和当前饮酒的流行率分别为 85.5%、80.9%、65.3%、60.4%、38.1%、23.1%和 14.5%。调整后的泊松回归分析显示，男性、11 年级和参加体育课的学生行为风险因素的可能性更高，而存在多个心理困扰问题、定期上学和得到适度或高度的父母支持的学生行为风险因素的可能性更低。
土耳其 13-19 岁学生中常见的非传染性疾病可改变风险因素的聚集程度较高，需要采取有效的干预措施。这些疾病的风险因素通常是可以预防的：在妊娠前、妊娠期间和产后以及整个儿童和青少年时期采取适当的健康干预措施，可以显著降低其流行率。
