Castillo-Paredes Antonio, Ferrari Gerson
Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile.
Front Nutr. 2025 May 9;12:1572234. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1572234. eCollection 2025.
Behavioral or habit-based risk factors lead to the development of non-communicable diseases, causing early deaths, disability due to these diseases, and high economic burdens on the public or private health system. The use of the Preventable Risk Integrated Model through the creation of counterfactual scenarios could simulate in the future the number of deaths that can be delayed or prevented if one or more risk factors associated with diet, tobacco, alcohol, or physical activity are modified.
The objective of this research was to explore the scientific evidence available on the use of the Preventable Risk Integrated Model, identifying the main findings, the most productive authors on the subject, the most used keywords, the countries of origin of the research, and the scientific journals where these studies are published.
Through the development of four research questions, a search strategy was established for the development of the scoping review and bibliometric analysis of the information obtained.
A total of 24 articles were identified that used the Preventable Risk Integrated Model, which were available in their titles and research abstracts. Regarding the results obtained, this model was used on topics related to food consumption, food composition, nutrient intake, and prevention of non-communicable diseases by reducing some nutrients related to sodium or saturated fats, in addition to the creation of new models supported by the Preventable Risk Integrated Model. In addition, the authors who research the topic, the use of keywords, the countries that have done the most research on the subject, and indexed journals were identified.
The studies analyzed focus on recommendations proposed by non-governmental organizations and national policies of each country, while other studies focus on the areas of reduction of death, reduction of costs associated with the prevention of non-communicable diseases and other studies provide information on the creation of the model and another related to the use in other behavioral habits. In addition, networks are visualized for the follow-up of authors doing research on the use of this model.
Finally, the use of the model allowed the projection of preventable deaths or those that could be delayed when modifying the risk factors that cause non-communicable diseases; however, caution must be taken in its proper use due to the consultation of various sources such as databases, use of national surveys, or international information repositories.
Identifier: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/WYNHJ.
行为或基于习惯的风险因素会导致非传染性疾病的发生，造成过早死亡、因这些疾病导致的残疾，以及给公共或私人卫生系统带来高昂的经济负担。通过创建反事实情景来使用可预防风险综合模型，能够模拟如果与饮食、烟草、酒精或身体活动相关的一个或多个风险因素得到改变，未来可延迟或预防的死亡人数。
本研究的目的是探索关于使用可预防风险综合模型的现有科学证据，确定主要研究结果、该主题最有成果的作者、最常用的关键词、研究的原产国，以及发表这些研究的科学期刊。
通过提出四个研究问题，制定了一个搜索策略，用于开展范围综述和对所获信息的文献计量分析。
共确定了24篇在标题和研究摘要中使用可预防风险综合模型的文章。关于所获结果，该模型用于与食物消费、食物成分、营养摄入以及通过减少与钠或饱和脂肪相关的某些营养素来预防非传染性疾病相关的主题，此外还用于创建由可预防风险综合模型支持的新模型。此外，还确定了研究该主题的作者、关键词的使用情况、对该主题研究最多的国家以及索引期刊。
所分析的研究侧重于非政府组织提出的建议和各国的国家政策，而其他研究则侧重于降低死亡率、降低与预防非传染性疾病相关的成本等领域，还有其他研究提供了关于模型创建以及与在其他行为习惯中的使用相关的信息。此外，还可视化了研究该模型使用情况的作者的后续网络。
最后，使用该模型能够预测在改变导致非传染性疾病的风险因素时可预防或可延迟的死亡；然而，由于要参考各种来源，如数据库、使用国家调查或国际信息库，在正确使用时必须谨慎。
标识符：DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/WYNHJ
