Secretary of Science, Technology, Innovation and Health Economic-Industrial Complex, Ministry of Health, Esplanada dos Ministérios, Bloco G, 70058-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
Fiocruz's Center for Strategic Studies, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Bull World Health Organ. 2024 May 1;102(5):352-356. doi: 10.2471/BLT.23.290838. Epub 2024 Apr 17.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted global disparities in accessing essential health products, demonstrating the critical need for low- and middle-income countries to develop local production and innovation capabilities.
The health economic-industrial complex approach changed the values that guided innovation and industrial policies in Brazil. The approach directed health production and innovation to universal access; the health ministry led a whole-of-government approach; and public procurement was strategically applied to stimulate productive public and private investments. The institutional, technological and productive capacities built up by the health economic-industrial complex allowed the country to quickly establish local COVID-19 vaccines production and guarantee access for the population.
Brazil has a universal health system that guarantees access to health for its 215 million population.
Public policies and actions, based on the health economic-industrial complex, guided investment projects in line with health demands, strengthened local producers, and increased autonomy in the production of health products in areas of greater technological dependence. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the country was able to rapidly scale up local vaccine production. By August 2021, Brazil had produced 74.8% (151 463 502/202 437 516) of the vaccine doses used in the country.
The Brazilian example shows that low- and middle-income countries can build systemic development policies that increase their capability to produce and innovate in concert with universal health systems. This increased capacity can guarantee access to health products and supplies that are critical during global health emergencies.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行凸显了在获取基本卫生产品方面的全球差距，这表明中低收入国家必须发展当地生产和创新能力。
健康经济产业综合体方法改变了指导巴西创新和产业政策的价值观。该方法将卫生生产和创新引向普及；卫生部主导了一项全政府的方法；并战略性地应用公共采购来刺激生产性的公共和私人投资。健康经济产业综合体建立的体制、技术和生产能力使该国能够迅速建立当地 COVID-19 疫苗生产，并确保为民众提供疫苗。
巴西拥有一个全民健康系统，为其 2.15 亿人口提供卫生服务。
基于健康经济产业综合体的公共政策和行动指导了符合卫生需求的投资项目，加强了当地生产商的实力，并提高了在更大程度上依赖技术的卫生产品生产中的自主权。在 COVID-19 大流行期间，该国能够迅速扩大当地疫苗生产。截至 2021 年 8 月，巴西已生产了该国使用的疫苗剂量的 74.8%（151463502/202437516）。
巴西的例子表明，中低收入国家可以制定系统的发展政策，提高其与全民健康系统一致的生产和创新能力。这种能力的提高可以保证在全球卫生紧急情况下获得关键的卫生产品和用品。
