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基于组学的生物标志物作为代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病临床实践中有用的工具:我们走了多远?

Omics-based biomarkers as useful tools in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease clinical practice: How far are we?

机构信息

Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano - Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1199ACL, Argentina.

Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina.

出版信息

World J Gastroenterol. 2024 Apr 14;30(14):1982-1989. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i14.1982.

Abstract

Unmet needs exist in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) risk stratification. Our ability to identify patients with MASLD with advanced fibrosis and at higher risk for adverse outcomes is still limited. Incorporating novel biomarkers could represent a meaningful improvement to current risk predictors. With this aim, omics technologies have revolutionized the process of MASLD biomarker discovery over the past decades. While the research in this field is thriving, much of the publication has been haphazard, often using single-omics data and specimen sets of convenience, with many identified candidate biomarkers but lacking clinical validation and utility. If we incorporate these biomarkers to direct patients' management, it should be considered that the roadmap for translating a newly discovered omics-based signature to an actual, analytically valid test useful in MASLD clinical practice is rigorous and, therefore, not easily accomplished. This article presents an overview of this area's current state, the conceivable opportunities and challenges of omics-based laboratory diagnostics, and a roadmap for improving MASLD biomarker research.

摘要

代谢相关脂肪性肝病(MAFLD)风险分层存在未满足的需求。我们识别具有晚期纤维化和不良结局风险较高的 MAFLD 患者的能力仍然有限。纳入新的生物标志物可能是对当前风险预测因子的有意义的改进。为此,在过去几十年中,组学技术彻底改变了 MAFLD 生物标志物发现的过程。虽然该领域的研究蓬勃发展,但许多出版物都是偶然的,通常使用单组学数据和方便的标本集,确定了许多候选生物标志物,但缺乏临床验证和实用性。如果我们将这些生物标志物纳入指导患者管理,那么应该考虑到,将新发现的基于组学的特征转化为实际的、在 MAFLD 临床实践中有用的分析有效测试的路线图是严格的,因此并不容易实现。本文概述了该领域的现状、基于组学的实验室诊断的可想象的机会和挑战,以及改善 MAFLD 生物标志物研究的路线图。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/568a/11045490/ce01075e31da/WJG-30-1982-g001.jpg

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