Abrini Houda, Amzerin Mounia, El Mrabet Fatima Zahra
Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital of Tangier, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ahmed Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Center of Cancer Treatment, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tangier, MAR.
Cureus. 2024 Mar 29;16(3):e57179. doi: 10.7759/cureus.57179. eCollection 2024 Mar.
Sorafenib, a kinase inhibitor, is known to cause skin toxicity, which sometimes leads to treatment interruption or drug dose reduction. Erythema multiforme (EM) is one of these dermatologic toxicities induced by sorafenib. We report the case of a 28-year-old male with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Two months after surgery, the patient presented with multiple metastases to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes and lungs. Therefore, systemic therapy with sorafenib was indicated. While receiving the medication, the patient presented signs compatible with EM. The signs occurred on the torso and then spread to the rest of the body. Sorafenib treatment was interrupted the same day when skin lesions appeared and moisturizers with topical steroids and oral antihistamines were prescribed. The skin lesions decreased in size but without significant cutaneous improvement. The patient showed biologically severe liver failure and radiological progression. Because of the severe hepatic failure, initiation of intravenous steroids and establishment of another line of chemotherapy following tumor progression were contraindicated. The decision of the multidisciplinary staff with patient consent was to proceed with the best supportive care. The patient died in ambulatory care 12 days after discharge and local treatment. This report highlights the possibility of developing severe EM while receiving sorafenib. Patients with HCC who have liver resection without liver dysfunction should not be administered sorafenib, or it must be used with caution at very low doses and accompanied by close and regular follow-ups to avoid disease progression and deaths.
索拉非尼是一种激酶抑制剂,已知会引起皮肤毒性,有时会导致治疗中断或药物剂量减少。多形红斑(EM)是索拉非尼诱发的这些皮肤毒性之一。我们报告一例28岁的肝细胞癌(HCC)男性患者。术后两个月,患者出现腹膜后淋巴结和肺部多发转移。因此,指示使用索拉非尼进行全身治疗。在接受药物治疗期间,患者出现了与EM相符的体征。体征首先出现在躯干,然后蔓延至身体其他部位。皮肤病变出现当天,索拉非尼治疗中断,并开具了含局部类固醇的保湿剂和口服抗组胺药。皮肤病变大小减小,但皮肤无明显改善。患者出现了严重的肝衰竭和影像学进展。由于严重的肝衰竭,禁忌在肿瘤进展后开始静脉使用类固醇和建立另一线化疗。多学科工作人员经患者同意后决定进行最佳支持治疗。患者在出院和局部治疗12天后在门诊护理中死亡。本报告强调了在接受索拉非尼治疗时发生严重EM的可能性。无肝功能障碍且接受肝切除术的HCC患者不应使用索拉非尼,或者必须以非常低的剂量谨慎使用,并密切定期随访,以避免疾病进展和死亡。