影响越南得乐省家禽养殖场高致病性禽流感疫苗接种实践的因素。
Factors affecting highly pathogenic avian influenza vaccination practices at poultry farms in Tra Vinh, Vietnam.
机构信息
Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, School of Agriculture and Aquaculture, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh, Vietnam.
出版信息
Open Vet J. 2024 Mar;14(3):794-804. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i3.6. Epub 2024 Mar 31.
BACKGROUND
The increased number of cases of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) as a zoonosis has raised concerns in terms of poultry and human health. Farmers' preventive practices are an effective way of reducing zoonosis. However, this practice may have been affected by many factors, including production behaviors, awareness, and farmers' perceptions of farmers toward zoonosis.
AIM
This study was conducted on 166 poultry farms in Tra Vinh Province with 14,894 poultry heads to determine the socioeconomic profiles and production characteristics of poultry farms and analyze the effect of these factors on HPAI vaccination practices.
METHODS
Respondents were selected from lists provided by government officers. Descriptive statistics were used to describe all variables, and factors affecting HPAI vaccination practices were analyzed using binary regression analysis.
RESULTS
The results showed that most farmers raised poultry with other livestock using the free-range method, which is a semi-intensive system. The primary objectives of poultry farming are meat sales and augmenting household consumption, with farmers primarily raising chicks produced on their farms. The implementation of the vaccine was less than 50% on the surveyed farms, with a small number of farmers administering an HPAI booster dose. However, only 6% of the farmers confirmed that their livestock had been exposed to HPAI. In addition, HPAI vaccination and booster dose practices significantly increased when farmers had 4-6 family members and received HPAI prevention training. Moreover, increased poultry numbers have led to increased vaccination rates and the implementation of booster doses for poultry. The study also reported that the vaccination rate decreased when poultry was used for household consumption.
CONCLUSION
Sociodemographic characteristics and production behaviors can affect the implementation of HPAI vaccination on small poultry farms.
背景
高致病性禽流感（HPAI）作为一种人畜共患病病例的增加引起了人们对家禽和人类健康的关注。农民的预防措施是减少人畜共患病的有效方法。然而，这种做法可能受到许多因素的影响，包括生产行为、意识以及农民对人畜共患病的看法。
目的
本研究在越南茶荣省对 166 个家禽养殖场进行了调查，共有 14894 个头家禽，以确定家禽养殖场的社会经济概况和生产特征，并分析这些因素对 HPAI 疫苗接种实践的影响。
方法
从政府官员提供的名单中选择受访者。使用描述性统计来描述所有变量，并使用二元回归分析来分析影响 HPAI 疫苗接种实践的因素。
结果
结果表明，大多数农民使用自由放养的方法与其他牲畜一起饲养家禽，这是一种半集约化系统。家禽养殖的主要目的是销售肉类和增加家庭消费，农民主要饲养在自己农场生产的小鸡。在调查的农场中，疫苗的实施率不到 50%，只有少数农民接种了 HPAI 加强剂量。然而，只有 6%的农民确认他们的牲畜接触过 HPAI。此外，当农民有 4-6 名家庭成员并且接受了 HPAI 预防培训时，HPAI 疫苗接种和加强剂量的做法显著增加。此外，家禽数量的增加导致了家禽疫苗接种率的提高和加强剂量的实施。研究还报告说，当家禽用于家庭消费时，疫苗接种率会下降。
结论
社会人口特征和生产行为会影响小型家禽养殖场 HPAI 疫苗接种的实施。
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