Antimicrobial resistance patterns and genes of isolated from chickens in Pasuruan, Indonesia.

BACKGROUND

Poultry is one of the most prominent sources of , which is also a major means of transmission to people. contamination in chicken meat comes from chicken feces because it naturally exists in the intestines of chickens.

AIM

The purpose of this study is to identify the antibiotic resistance patterns and genes of , which was found in chickens in Pasuruan, Indonesia.

METHODS

The samples used in this study were 200 contents of the small intestine of broiler chickens from 40 farms in Pasuruan Regency. The enriched sample was streaked on the selective media of modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar containing the CCDA selective supplement. Antimicrobial susceptibility test utilizing the Kirby-Bauer diffusion test method in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standards. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used to detect the (O), which encodes the strain, fluoroquinolone resistance (A, beta-lactam resistance (), and tetracycline resistance (O) genes.

RESULTS

The findings revealed a 14% (28/200) prevalence of in the small intestine of broiler chickens. These isolates showed high resistance to enrofloxacin (92.9%). All isolates (100%) were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanate. The PCR results showed all isolates (100%) detected the gene, 96.4% detected the gene, and 50% detected the gene.

CONCLUSION

The findings of antimicrobial resistance at a high level from the small intestine of broiler chickens illustrate the potential threat to human health. To lessen the effects now and in the future, coordinated and suitable action is needed, as well as steps to guarantee the poultry industry's economic survival and public health insurance.