Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly St., Suite 401, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States.
NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health and Climate Change Interactions, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly St., Suite 401, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2024 May 14;58(19):8169-8181. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08658. Epub 2024 May 1.
Climate change-induced stressors are contributing to the emergence of infectious diseases, including those caused by marine bacterial pathogens such as spp. These stressors alter temporal and geographical distribution, resulting in increased spread, exposure, and infection rates, thus facilitating greater -human interactions. Concurrently, wildfires are increasing in size, severity, frequency, and spread in the built environment due to climate change, resulting in the emission of contaminants of emerging concern. This study aimed to understand the potential effects of urban interface wildfire ashes on () growth and gene expression using transcriptomic approaches. was exposed to structural and vegetation ashes and analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes using the HTSeq-DESeq2 strategy. Exposure to wildfire ash altered growth and gene expression, depending on the trace metal composition of the ash. The high Fe content of the vegetation ash enhanced bacterial growth, while the high Cu, As, and Cr content of the structural ash suppressed growth. Additionally, the overall pattern of upregulated genes and pathways suggests increased virulence potential due to the selection of metal- and antibiotic-resistant strains. Therefore, mixed fire ashes transported and deposited into coastal zones may lead to the selection of environmental reservoirs of strains with enhanced antibiotic resistance profiles, increasing public health risk.
气候变化引起的压力因素正在导致传染病的出现，包括由海洋细菌病原体如 spp. 引起的传染病。这些压力因素改变了 的时间和地理分布，导致传播、暴露和感染率增加，从而促进了更多的人类互动。同时，由于气候变化，野火在建筑环境中的规模、严重程度、频率和蔓延都在增加，导致新兴关注污染物的排放。本研究旨在使用转录组学方法了解城市界面野火灰对 的生长和基因表达的潜在影响。 将 暴露于结构灰和植被灰中，并使用 HTSeq-DESeq2 策略分析以鉴定差异表达基因。暴露于野火灰会根据灰分中的痕量金属成分改变 的生长和基因表达。植被灰分中高含量的铁促进了细菌的生长，而结构灰分中高含量的铜、砷和铬则抑制了生长。此外，上调基因和途径的总体模式表明，由于选择了具有增强的金属和抗生素抗性的菌株，毒力潜力增加。因此，运输并沉积到沿海地区的混合火灾灰可能导致具有增强抗生素抗性特征的 菌株的环境储库的选择，从而增加公共健康风险。
