Correa Velez Karlen Enid, Norman Robert Sean
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States.
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health and Climate Change Interactions, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States.
Front Microbiol. 2021 Oct 25;12:754683. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.754683. eCollection 2021.
is an opportunistic pathogen indigenous to estuarine and marine environments and associated with aquatic organisms. is of utmost importance because it causes 95% of the seafood-related deaths in the United States due to rapid progression of septicemia. Changes in environmental parameters associated with climate change and coastal population expansion are altering geographical constraints, resulting in increased spread, exposure, and rates of infection. In addition, coastal population expansion is resulting in increased input of treated municipal sewage into areas that are also experiencing increased proliferation. This study aimed to better understand the influence of treated sewage effluent on effluent-receiving microbial communities using as a model of an opportunistic pathogen. Integrated transcriptomic approaches were used to analyze the changes in overall gene expression of NBRC 15645 exposed to wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent for a period of 6h using a modified seawater yeast extract media that contained 0, 50, and 100% filtered WWTP effluent. RNA-seq reads were mapped, annotated, and analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes using the Pathosystems Resource Integration Center analysis tool. The study revealed that responds to wastewater effluent exposure by activating cyclic-di-GMP-influenced biofilm development. Also, genes involved in crucial functions, such as nitrogen metabolism and bacterial attachment, were upregulated depending on the presence of treated municipal sewage. This altered gene expression increased growth and proliferation and enhanced genes and pathways involved in bacterial survival during the early stages of infection in a host. These factors represent a potential public health risk due to exposure to environmental reservoirs of potentially strains with enhanced virulence profiles in coastal areas.
是一种原产于河口和海洋环境并与水生生物相关的机会致病菌。它极为重要，因为在美国，它导致了95%与海鲜相关的死亡，原因是败血症进展迅速。与气候变化和沿海人口扩张相关的环境参数变化正在改变地理限制，导致其传播、暴露和感染率增加。此外，沿海人口扩张导致处理后的城市污水输入增加，而这些地区的数量也在增加。本研究旨在以作为机会致病菌的模型，更好地了解处理后的污水对接收污水的微生物群落的影响。使用改良的海水酵母提取物培养基，该培养基含有0%、50%和100%过滤后的污水处理厂（WWTP）出水，采用综合转录组学方法分析暴露于污水处理厂出水6小时的NBRC 15645的整体基因表达变化。使用病原体系统资源整合中心分析工具对RNA-seq读数进行映射、注释和分析，以识别差异表达基因。研究表明，通过激活受环二鸟苷影响的生物膜发育来响应废水排放。此外，根据处理后的城市污水的存在情况，参与关键功能（如氮代谢和细菌附着）的基因会上调。这种基因表达的改变增加了其生长和增殖，并增强了宿主感染早期阶段参与细菌存活的基因和途径。由于在沿海地区接触具有潜在增强毒力特征的环境菌株库，这些因素代表了潜在的公共卫生风险。
