China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2024 Jun;149:109595. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109595. Epub 2024 Apr 30.
This study aimed to elucidate the effects of dietary fermented products of Bacillus velezensis T23 on the growth, immune response and gut microbiota in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Shrimp were fed with diets containing fermentation products of B. velezensis T23 at levels of (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 g/kg) for 4 weeks, to assess the influence on shrimp growth. The results showed that 0.3 and 0.4 g/kg T23 supplementation improved shrimp growth and feed utilization. Based on these results we selected these three diets (Control, 0.3T23 and 0.4T23) to assess the effect on immune response and gut microbiota of shrimp. Compared with the control, the 0.3T23 and 0.4T23 groups enhanced lipase and α-amylase activities in the gut significantly. Moreover, the 0.4T23 group decreased TAG and MDA levels in hepatopancreas, ALT and AST levels of serum significantly (P < 0.05). In hepatopancreas, CAT and SOD activities were improved observably and the MDA content was reduced markedly in both T23 groups. The expressions of antimicrobial related genes, Cru and peroxinectin in the 0.3T23 group, and proPO and peroxinectin in the 0.4T23 group were up-regulated remarkably (P < 0.05). Moreover, hepatopancreas of shrimp fed with a diet amended with T23 showed a significant down-regulated expression of nf-kb and tnf-α genes, while expressions of tgf-β was considerably up-regulated. Furthermore, serum LPS and LBP contents were reduced markedly in T23 groups. Intestinal SOD and CAT were noteworthy higher in T23 groups (P < 0.05). In the intestine of shrimp fed on the diet enriched with T23 the expression of nf-κb and tnf-α exhibited markedly down-regulated, whereas hif1α was up-regulated (P < 0.05). Besides, in the intestine of shrimp grouped under T23, Cru and peroxinectin genes were markedly up-regulated (P < 0.05). Dietary 0.3 g/kg T23 also upregulated the ratio of Rhodobacteraceae to Vibrionaceae in the gut of the shrimp. Taken together, the inclusion of B. velezensis T23 in the diet of shrimp enhanced the growth and feed utilization, enhanced hepatopancreas and intestine health.
本研究旨在阐明凝结芽孢杆菌 T23 的发酵产物对凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）生长、免疫反应和肠道微生物群的影响。将虾用含有凝结芽孢杆菌 T23 发酵产物的饲料喂养 4 周，水平分别为（0、0.05、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4 和 0.5 g/kg），以评估对虾生长的影响。结果表明，0.3 和 0.4 g/kg T23 补充剂可提高虾的生长和饲料利用率。基于这些结果，我们选择了这三种饲料（对照、0.3T23 和 0.4T23）来评估对虾免疫反应和肠道微生物群的影响。与对照组相比，0.3T23 和 0.4T23 组显著提高了肠道中的脂肪酶和α-淀粉酶活性。此外，0.4T23 组显著降低了肝胰腺中的 TAG 和 MDA 水平，血清中的 ALT 和 AST 水平显著降低（P < 0.05）。在肝胰腺中，CAT 和 SOD 活性显著提高，MDA 含量显著降低。0.3T23 组抗菌相关基因 Cru 和过氧化物酶基因、0.4T23 组 proPO 和过氧化物酶基因的表达显著上调（P < 0.05）。此外，添加 T23 的饲料喂养的虾的肝胰腺中 nf-kb 和 tnf-α 基因的表达显著下调，而 tgf-β 的表达显著上调。此外，T23 组血清 LPS 和 LBP 含量显著降低。T23 组肠道 SOD 和 CAT 显著升高（P < 0.05）。在添加 T23 的饲料喂养的虾的肠道中，nf-κb 和 tnf-α 的表达显著下调，而 hif1α 上调（P < 0.05）。此外，在 T23 组的虾肠道中，Cru 和过氧化物酶基因显著上调（P < 0.05）。在虾饲料中添加 0.3 g/kg T23 还增加了肠道中 Rhodobacteraceae 与 Vibrionaceae 的比例。综上所述，凝结芽孢杆菌 T23 饲料的添加增强了虾的生长和饲料利用率，增强了肝胰腺和肠道的健康。
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