Hiney Kris, Sypniewski Lara, DeSilva Udaya, Pezeshki Adel, Rudra Pratyaydipta, Goodarzi Parniyan, Willis Erin, McFarlane Dianne
Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Ferguson College of Agriculture, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States.
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Apr 17;11:1328513. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1328513. eCollection 2024.
Despite the potential health risks associated with feeding raw and non-traditional diets, the use of these diets in dogs is increasing, yet the health outcomes associated with these diets is not well understood. This study investigates the effect of feeding dogs a kibble or raw meat-based diets on fecal microbiota composition, serum metabolomics and inflammatory markers.
Clinically healthy dogs with a history of consuming either kibble (KD, = 27) or raw meat-based diets (RMBD, = 28) for more than 1 year were enrolled. Dogs were fed a standardized diet of either a single brand of KD or RMBD for 28 days. Serum and fecal samples were collected for analysis of microbiota, metabolomics, and inflammatory markers. Multiple regression analysis was performed for each of the metabolites and inflammatory markers, with feed group, age and BCS included as independent variables.
The fecal microbiota composition differed between the KD and RMBD groups. Beta-diversity and some indices of alpha-diversity (i.e., Shannon and Simpson) were different between the two diet groups. Sixty- three serum metabolites differed between KD and RMBD-fed dogs with the majority reflecting the differences in macronutrient composition of the two diets.Fecal IAP, IgG and IgA were significantly higher in RMBD dogs compared to KD dogs, while systemic markers of inflammation, including serum c-reactive protein (CRP), galectin, secretory receptor of advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE), haptoglobin, and serum IgG were similar in dogs fed either diet.
Diet composition significantly affected fecal microbiota composition and metabolome. Although it had a potentially beneficial effect on local inflammatory markers, feeding RMBD had no impact on systemic inflammation. The influence of these changes on long term health outcomes provides an area for future study.
尽管喂食生的和非传统饮食存在潜在健康风险，但这些饮食在犬类中的使用仍在增加，然而与这些饮食相关的健康结果尚未得到充分了解。本研究调查了给犬类喂食干粮或生肉饮食对粪便微生物群组成、血清代谢组学和炎症标志物的影响。
纳入有超过1年食用干粮（KD，n = 27）或生肉饮食（RMBD，n = 28）历史的临床健康犬。犬类被喂食单一品牌的KD或RMBD标准化饮食28天。收集血清和粪便样本用于微生物群、代谢组学和炎症标志物分析。对每种代谢物和炎症标志物进行多元回归分析，将饲料组、年龄和体况评分作为自变量。
KD组和RMBD组的粪便微生物群组成不同。两种饮食组之间的β多样性和一些α多样性指数（即香农指数和辛普森指数）不同。KD组和RMBD组喂食的犬之间有63种血清代谢物不同，大多数反映了两种饮食中常量营养素组成的差异。与KD犬相比，RMBD犬的粪便IAP、IgG和IgA显著更高，而在两种饮食喂养的犬中，包括血清C反应蛋白（CRP）、半乳糖凝集素、晚期糖基化终产物分泌受体（sRAGE）、触珠蛋白和血清IgG在内的全身炎症标志物相似。
饮食组成显著影响粪便微生物群组成和代谢组。尽管喂食RMBD对局部炎症标志物有潜在有益影响，但对全身炎症没有影响。这些变化对长期健康结果的影响为未来研究提供了一个领域。
