Nabalawi Rana A, Bamuflih Mohammed Abdullah, Farid Abdullah Alaa, Almramhi Khalid Ghali, Dawood Muhannad Salem, Ahmed Mohammad Salah, Alfawaz Khaled S, Adnan Abdulaziz Mustafa
Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 Apr 1;16(4):e57409. doi: 10.7759/cureus.57409. eCollection 2024 Apr.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a significant global health concern, with its incidence doubling over the past three decades. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) pose a major threat to CKD patients, surpassing the risk of progressing to end-stage renal disease. While previous studies worldwide have shed light on this association, limited research has been conducted in Saudi Arabia regarding this burden. This study aims to fill this gap by identifying the prevalence and risk factors of CVD in CKD patients at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between 2017 and 2022.
A six-year retrospective review of medical records at KAUH was conducted, including 465 non-end-stage CKD patients aged 30 to 79. Data, including demographics, clinical information, and laboratory results, were collected and statistically analyzed to investigate the association between variables.
Out of 465 CKD patients, 262 (56.3%) were diagnosed with CVD, with congestive heart failure and ischemic heart disease being the most common types. The majority were male 259 (55.7%), non-Saudi 278 (59.8%), and aged 60 years and older 291 (62.6%). Hypertension 394 (84.7%) and diabetes mellitus 336 (72.3%) were prevalent comorbidities. Severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, proteinuria, diabetes mellitus, and higher BMI were identified as significant risk factors for CVD in CKD patients.
This research contributes valuable insights into the prevalence and risk factors of CVD in CKD patients in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing the need for early detection and intervention. The identified risk factors provide a basis for developing targeted preventive strategies to mitigate this population's CVD burden.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）已成为一个重大的全球健康问题，其发病率在过去三十年中翻了一番。心血管疾病（CVD）对CKD患者构成重大威胁，超过了进展为终末期肾病的风险。尽管此前全球范围内的研究已揭示了这种关联，但沙特阿拉伯针对这一负担的研究有限。本研究旨在通过确定2017年至2022年期间沙特阿拉伯吉达阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学医院（KAUH）CKD患者中CVD的患病率及风险因素来填补这一空白。
对KAUH的病历进行了为期六年的回顾性研究，纳入了465名年龄在30至79岁之间的非终末期CKD患者。收集了包括人口统计学、临床信息和实验室检查结果在内的数据，并进行统计分析以研究各变量之间的关联。
在465名CKD患者中，262名（56.3%）被诊断患有CVD，其中充血性心力衰竭和缺血性心脏病最为常见。大多数患者为男性259名（55.7%）、非沙特人278名（59.8%），年龄在60岁及以上291名（62.6%）。高血压394名（84.7%）和糖尿病336名（72.3%）是常见的合并症。左心室射血分数严重降低、蛋白尿、糖尿病和较高的体重指数被确定为CKD患者发生CVD的重要风险因素。
本研究为沙特阿拉伯CKD患者中CVD的患病率及风险因素提供了有价值的见解，强调了早期检测和干预的必要性。所确定的风险因素为制定有针对性的预防策略以减轻该人群的CVD负担提供了依据。
