From the Human and Animal Physiology Department, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine.
Pancreas. 2024 Sep 1;53(8):e662-e669. doi: 10.1097/MPA.0000000000002350. Epub 2024 May 1.
Amino acids play an essential role in protein synthesis, metabolism, and survival of pancreatic acini. Adequate nutritional support is important for acute pancreatitis treatment. However, high concentrations of arginine and lysine may induce acute pancreatitis. The study aimed to identify the most suitable l -amino acids as safe energy sources for pancreatic acinar cells.
Pancreatic acini were isolated from male Wistar rats. Effects of amino acids (0.1-20 mM) on uncoupled respiration of isolated acini were studied with a Clark electrode. Cell death was evaluated with fluorescent microscopy and DNA gel electrophoresis.
Among the tested amino acids, glutamate, glutamine, alanine, lysine, and aspartate were able to stimulate the uncoupled respiration rate of isolated pancreatic acini, whereas arginine, histidine, and asparagine were not. Lysine, arginine, and glutamine (20 mM) caused complete loss of plasma membrane integrity of acinar cells after 24 hours of incubation. Glutamine also caused early (2-4 hours) cell swelling and blebbing. Aspartate, asparagine, and glutamate only moderately decreased the number of viable cells, whereas alanine and histidine were not toxic. DNA fragmentation assay and microscopic analysis of nuclei showed no evidence of apoptosis in cells treated with amino acids.
Alanine and glutamate are safe and effective energy sources for mitochondria of pancreatic acinar cells.
氨基酸在蛋白质合成、代谢和胰腺腺泡细胞的存活中起着至关重要的作用。充足的营养支持对急性胰腺炎的治疗很重要。然而，高浓度的精氨酸和赖氨酸可能会引发急性胰腺炎。本研究旨在确定最适合的 l-氨基酸作为胰腺腺泡细胞的安全能量来源。
从雄性 Wistar 大鼠中分离胰腺腺泡。使用克拉克电极研究氨基酸（0.1-20 mM）对分离的腺泡无偶联呼吸的影响。通过荧光显微镜和 DNA 凝胶电泳评估细胞死亡。
在测试的氨基酸中，谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺、丙氨酸、赖氨酸和天冬氨酸能够刺激分离的胰腺腺泡的无偶联呼吸率，而精氨酸、组氨酸和天冬酰胺则不能。精氨酸、赖氨酸和谷氨酰胺（20 mM）孵育 24 小时后会导致胰腺腺泡细胞的质膜完整性完全丧失。谷氨酰胺还会导致细胞早期（2-4 小时）肿胀和起泡。天冬氨酸、天冬酰胺和谷氨酸只会适度减少活细胞数量，而丙氨酸和组氨酸则没有毒性。DNA 片段化测定和细胞核的显微镜分析显示，用氨基酸处理的细胞没有凋亡的证据。
丙氨酸和谷氨酸是胰腺腺泡细胞线粒体的安全有效能量来源。
