Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
JMIR Res Protoc. 2024 Jun 25;13:e56714. doi: 10.2196/56714.
In high-income countries (HICs), between 65% and 70% of community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older are at high nutrition risk. Nutrition risk is the risk of poor dietary intake and nutritional status. Consequences of high nutrition risk include frailty, hospitalization, death, and reduced quality of life. Social factors (such as social support and commensality) are known to influence eating behavior in later life; however, to the authors' knowledge, no reviews have been conducted examining how these social factors are associated with nutrition risk specifically.
The objective of this scoping review is to understand the extent and type of evidence concerning the relationship between social factors and nutrition risk among community-dwelling older adults in HICs and to identify social interventions that address nutrition risk in community-dwelling older adults in HICs.
This review will follow the scoping review methodology as outlined by the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis and the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. The search will include MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. There will be no date limits placed on the search. However, only resources available in English will be included. EndNote (Clarivate Analytics) and Covidence (Veritas Health Innovation Ltd) will be used for reference management and removal of duplicate studies. Articles will be screened, and data will be extracted by at least 2 independent reviewers using Covidence. Data to be extracted will include study characteristics (country, methods, aims, design, and dates), participant characteristics (population description, inclusion and exclusion criteria, recruitment method, total number of participants, and demographics), how nutrition risk was measured (including the tool used to measure nutrition risk), social factors or interventions examined (including how these were measured or determined), the relationship between nutrition risk and the social factors examined, and the details of social interventions designed to address nutrition risk.
The scoping review was started in October 2023 and will be finalized by August 2024. The findings will describe the social factors commonly examined in the nutrition risk literature, the relationship between these social factors and nutrition risk, the social factors that have an impact on nutrition risk, and social interventions designed to address nutrition risk. The results of the extracted data will be presented in the form of a narrative summary with accompanying tables.
Given the high prevalence of nutrition risk in community-dwelling older adults in HICs and the negative consequences of nutrition risk, it is essential to understand the social factors associated with nutrition risk. The results of the review are anticipated to aid in identifying individuals who should be screened proactively for nutrition risk and inform programs, policies, and interventions designed to reduce the prevalence of nutrition risk.
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/56714.
在高收入国家（HICs），65%至 70%的 65 岁及以上社区居住成年人存在高营养风险。营养风险是指膳食摄入和营养状况不良的风险。高营养风险的后果包括虚弱、住院、死亡和生活质量下降。社会因素（如社会支持和 commensality）已知会影响老年人的饮食行为；然而，据作者所知，尚无审查专门探讨这些社会因素与营养风险之间的关系。
本范围综述的目的是了解 HIC 中社区居住的老年人中社会因素与营养风险之间关系的证据的程度和类型，并确定针对 HIC 中社区居住的老年人营养风险的社会干预措施。
本综述将遵循 JBI 证据综合手册和 PRISMA-ScR（用于系统评价和荟萃分析扩展的首选报告项目）指南中概述的范围综述方法。搜索将包括 MEDLINE（Ovid）、CINAHL、PsycINFO 和 Web of Science。搜索将不设时间限制。但是，仅纳入英文资源。将使用 EndNote（Clarivate Analytics）和 Covidence（Veritas Health Innovation Ltd）进行参考文献管理和重复研究的剔除。至少由 2 名独立审查员使用 Covidence 筛选文章并提取数据。将提取的数据包括研究特征（国家、方法、目的、设计和日期）、参与者特征（人群描述、纳入和排除标准、招募方法、参与者总数和人口统计学）、如何测量营养风险（包括用于测量营养风险的工具）、检查的社会因素或干预措施（包括这些措施或确定方法）、营养风险与检查的社会因素之间的关系，以及旨在解决营养风险的社会干预措施的详细信息。
范围综述于 2023 年 10 月开始，将于 2024 年 8 月完成。研究结果将描述营养风险文献中常见的社会因素、这些社会因素与营养风险之间的关系、影响营养风险的社会因素以及旨在解决营养风险的社会干预措施。提取数据的结果将以附有表格的叙述性摘要形式呈现。
鉴于 HIC 中社区居住的老年人营养风险的高患病率以及营养风险的负面后果，了解与营养风险相关的社会因素至关重要。预计该综述的结果将有助于确定哪些人应该主动筛查营养风险，并为旨在降低营养风险患病率的计划、政策和干预措施提供信息。
国际注册报告标识符（IRRID）：DERR1-10.2196/56714.
