意识与睡眠。
Consciousness and sleep.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53719, USA.
Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53719, USA.
出版信息
Neuron. 2024 May 15;112(10):1568-1594. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.04.011. Epub 2024 May 1.
Sleep is a universal, essential biological process. It is also an invaluable window on consciousness. It tells us that consciousness can be lost but also that it can be regained, in all its richness, when we are disconnected from the environment and unable to reflect. By considering the neurophysiological differences between dreaming and dreamless sleep, we can learn about the substrate of consciousness and understand why it vanishes. We also learn that the ongoing state of the substrate of consciousness determines the way each experience feels regardless of how it is triggered-endogenously or exogenously. Dreaming consciousness is also a window on sleep and its functions. Dreams tell us that the sleeping brain is remarkably lively, recombining intrinsic activation patterns from a vast repertoire, freed from the requirements of ongoing behavior and cognitive control.
睡眠是一种普遍存在的、基本的生物过程。它也是了解意识的一扇宝贵窗口。它告诉我们，意识可以丧失，但当我们与环境断开连接，无法进行反思时，它也可以以其全部丰富性重新获得。通过考虑做梦和无梦睡眠之间的神经生理学差异，我们可以了解意识的基础，并理解为什么它会消失。我们还了解到，意识基础的持续状态决定了每种体验的感觉方式，无论它是如何引发的——内源性的还是外源性的。做梦意识也是了解睡眠及其功能的一扇窗口。梦告诉我们，睡眠中的大脑非常活跃，它从一个巨大的曲目库中重新组合内在的激活模式，摆脱了持续行为和认知控制的要求。
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