Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China.
Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Neuromodulation of Hebei Province, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China.
Physiol Meas. 2024 May 21;45(5). doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/ad46e0.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the age dependence of bilateral frontal electroencephalogram (EEG) coupling characteristics, and find potential age-independent depth of anesthesia monitoring indicators for the elderlies.We recorded bilateral forehead EEG data from 41 patients (ranged in 19-82 years old), and separated into three age groups: 18-40 years (= 12); 40-65 years (= 14), >65 years (= 15). All these patients underwent desflurane maintained general anesthesia (GA). We analyzed the age-related EEG spectra, phase amplitude coupling (PAC), coherence and phase lag index (PLI) of EEG data in the states of awake, GA, and recovery.The frontal alpha power shows age dependence in the state of GA maintained by desflurane. Modulation index in slow oscillation-alpha and delta-alpha bands showed age dependence and state dependence in varying degrees, the PAC pattern also became less pronounced with increasing age. In the awake state, the coherence in delta, theta and alpha frequency bands were all significantly higher in the >65 years age group than in the 18-40 years age group (< 0.05 for three frequency bands). The coherence in alpha-band was significantly enhanced in all age groups in GA (< 0.01) and then decreased in recovery state. Notably, the PLI in the alpha band was able to significantly distinguish the three states of awake, GA and recovery (< 0.01) and the results of PLI in delta and theta frequency bands had similar changes to those of coherence.We found the EEG coupling and synchronization between bilateral forehead are age-dependent. The PAC, coherence and PLI portray this age-dependence. The PLI and coherence based on bilateral frontal EEG functional connectivity measures and PAC based on frontal single-channel are closely associated with anesthesia-induced unconsciousness.
本研究旨在探讨双侧额部脑电图（EEG）耦合特征的年龄依赖性，并寻找潜在的与年龄无关的老年人深度麻醉监测指标。我们记录了 41 名患者（年龄 19-82 岁）双侧额部 EEG 数据，并将其分为三组：18-40 岁（=12）；40-65 岁（=14）；>65 岁（=15）。所有患者均接受七氟醚维持全身麻醉（GA）。我们分析了清醒、GA 和恢复状态下与年龄相关的 EEG 谱、相位振幅耦合（PAC）、相干性和相位滞后指数（PLI）。在七氟醚维持的 GA 状态下，额部 alpha 功率表现出年龄依赖性。慢振荡-alpha 和 delta-alpha 波段的调制指数表现出不同程度的年龄依赖性和状态依赖性，随着年龄的增长，PAC 模式也变得不那么明显。在清醒状态下，>65 岁年龄组的 delta、theta 和 alpha 频段的相干性均明显高于 18-40 岁年龄组（三个频段均<0.05）。在 GA 状态下，所有年龄组的 alpha 频段相干性均显著增强（<0.01），然后在恢复状态下降低。值得注意的是，alpha 频段的 PLI 能够显著区分清醒、GA 和恢复三个状态（<0.01），delta 和 theta 频段的 PLI 结果与相干性的变化相似。我们发现双侧额部 EEG 之间的耦合和同步性具有年龄依赖性。PAC、相干性和 PLI 描绘了这种年龄依赖性。基于双侧额部 EEG 功能连接测量的 PLI 和相干性以及基于额叶单通道的 PAC 与麻醉诱导的无意识密切相关。
