Nameth Katherine, Ueland Elizabeth, D'Amico Elizabeth J, Osilla Karen Chan
Stanford University School of Medicine.
RAND Corporation.
Res Sq. 2024 Apr 19:rs.3.rs-4249553. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4249553/v1.
Adolescents increasingly view cannabis as a substance with limited harm. Their propensity to engage in risky driving, combined with their relative driving inexperience, places adolescents at heightened risk for harm resulting from impaired driving. Driver education provides an opportunity to help prevent and reduce these risks, yet few interventions address cannabis-impaired driving, especially impairment from simultaneous use of both cannabis and alcohol.
We adapted a single-session primary care brief intervention (CHAT) for driver education programs. First, we conducted two focus groups with adolescents aged 15-17 years (n = 6; n = 5) enrolled in driver education programs. Their feedback was integrated into a prototype of an online intervention called webCHAT that focuses on preventing alcohol and cannabis-impaired driving. Next, we recruited a new sample of adolescents who user tested webCHAT (n = 8) and provided qualitative and survey feedback. We analyzed qualitative data using classic content analysis and grouped themes according to the feasibility and acceptability of webCHAT.
Participants suggested that webCHAT should have adolescent narrators in short, informal, and interactive videos. In satisfaction surveys (n = 8), 88% of participants would recommend webCHAT to a friend and 88% reported that they learned helpful skills regarding impaired driving. General acceptability was also reflected in interviews (n = 6; 100% would recommend the intervention to a friend, 100% indicated overall positive impressions, and 67% stated it was easy to use). Participants reported that it was helpful to learn about the negative effects of both cannabis and alcohol on driving behavior, voicing that webCHAT would help adolescents make more informed decisions.
Soliciting adolescent perspectives is critical when developing interventions targeting cannabis use because of increasingly permissive attitudes and perceptions of minimal risk associated with use. The current study highlights how feedback can help increase both the feasibility and acceptability of interventions.
青少年越来越认为大麻是一种危害有限的物质。他们倾向于冒险驾驶，再加上相对缺乏驾驶经验，这使得青少年因驾驶能力受损而面临更高的伤害风险。驾驶员教育提供了一个有助于预防和降低这些风险的机会，但很少有干预措施涉及大麻影响下的驾驶问题，尤其是同时使用大麻和酒精导致的驾驶能力受损。
我们为驾驶员教育项目改编了一种单节次初级保健简短干预措施（CHAT）。首先，我们对参加驾驶员教育项目的15 - 17岁青少年进行了两个焦点小组访谈（一组6人，另一组5人）。他们的反馈被整合到一个名为webCHAT的在线干预原型中，该干预措施侧重于预防酒精和大麻影响下的驾驶。接下来，我们招募了一组新的青少年样本对webCHAT进行用户测试（8人），并提供定性和调查反馈。我们使用经典内容分析法分析定性数据，并根据webCHAT的可行性和可接受性对主题进行分组。
参与者建议webCHAT应在简短、非正式且互动的视频中设置青少年叙述者。在满意度调查（8人）中，88%的参与者会向朋友推荐webCHAT，88%的参与者表示他们学到了关于驾驶能力受损的有用技能。访谈中的总体可接受性也得到体现（6人；100%会向朋友推荐该干预措施，100%表示总体印象良好，67%表示使用起来很容易）。参与者报告称，了解大麻和酒精对驾驶行为的负面影响很有帮助，并表示webCHAT将有助于青少年做出更明智的决策。
由于对大麻使用的态度越来越宽容，且认为其使用风险极小，因此在制定针对大麻使用的干预措施时，征求青少年的意见至关重要。当前研究强调了反馈如何有助于提高干预措施的可行性和可接受性。
